Sleep
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We utilized novel three-dimensional volumetric analysis techniques with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to study the upper airway and surrounding soft-tissue structures. These MRI techniques allowed us to objectively quantify the volume of the tongue, soft palate, parapharyngeal fat pads, and lateral pharyngeal walls. ⋯ These data indicate that volumetric MRI is a powerful tool to study anatomic changes in the upper airway and surrounding soft-tissue structures and is sensitive enough to detect changes in these structures.
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To describe patterns and severities of the daytime and nighttime symptoms of chronic insomnia patients. ⋯ Patients with chronic insomnia report significant daytime as well as nighttime symptoms. Depression-related and primary insomnias were separable only by some highly characteristic symptoms of depression. Diagnostic subgroups of insomnia patients may vary in how their overall distress relates to diminished self-reported sleep. Nighttime and daytime symptoms need to be assessed together when measuring insomnia severity.