The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Jul 2002
ReviewTreatments for feline long bone fractures.
Orthopedic injuries in cats occur frequently and are amenable to a variety of surgical and nonsurgical treatment options. Complications and delayed healing have been reported and can be attributed to improper fixation. Clinicians have numerous options ranging from external to internal fixation, casting, cage rest, and limb amputation. The goals of reducing patient morbidity and obtaining a return to normal function warrant the selection of an appropriate treatment based on the nature of the lesion, available expertise, and directives of the client.
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Veterinary surgeons today are performing increasingly complex and invasive feline surgical procedures. In light of this, it is crucial that perioperative pain management in these patients be a top priority. This article outlines pain physiology and pathophysiology, pain recognition and management strategies, relevant pharmacology, and techniques for local and regional analgesia in cats.
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Use of colloid and crystalloid fluids during resuscitation can be a complicated process. An understanding by the veterinarian of the patient's cardiovascular state, the underlying pathologic process, and the characteristics of crystalloid and colloid fluids available is necessary for establishing a fluid therapy plan. Through frequent reassessment and tailoring of the fluid plan according to the patient's response, the risks of fluid overload and fluid deficiency are reduced.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Nov 2001
ReviewCentral venous pressure and arterial blood pressure measurements.
Arterial blood pressure measurement and central venous pressure monitoring are important tools in the management of the critically ill pet. Central venous pressure is reflective of right atrial pressure and provides information concerning volume status. Arterial blood pressure is helpful in determining if perfusion to vital tissues is adequate. By providing more information with which to tailor fluid therapy and by prompt recognition of hypo- or hypertension, these monitoring tools are instrumental in the management of the critically ill pet.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Nov 2001
ReviewSystemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction.
Companion animals with sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction can be the most challenging of all patients to treat. Current research in humans and laboratory models offers some exciting insights into the pathophysiology behind some of our most frustrating clinical challenges. This article applies several current concepts to a clinical case of pancreatitis and secondary sepsis to illustrate some of the cardiovascular, immune, and coagulation abnormalities commonly seen.