The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Mar 2012
ReviewToxicology of frequently encountered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in dogs and cats.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of heterogeneous compounds extensively used in both human and veterinary medicine for their antipyretic, anti-inflammation, and analgesic properties. NSAIDs consist of a wide range of pharmacologically active agents with different chemical structures, with similar therapeutic and adverse effects. ⋯ The most common NSAID involved was ibuprofen, followed by aspirin, naproxen, deracoxib, meloxicam, diclofenac, piroxicam, indomethacin, nabumetone, and etodolac. This article provides a brief overview of classification, mechanism of action, pharmacologic and toxicologic properties, and treatment information involving frequently encountered human and veterinary NSAIDs in dogs and cats.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Mar 2012
ReviewUse of intravenous lipid emulsions for treating certain poisoning cases in small animals.
Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) infusions have become an emerging treatment modality in managing intoxications of veterinary patients. The advantages of ILE include an apparent wide margin of safety, relatively low cost, long shelf-life, and ease of administration. Based on limited case and anecdotal reports, ILEs have shown promise in the management of toxicoses from a variety of lipophilic agents, including drugs and pesticides. More studies are needed to determine optimum dosing regimens and identify potential adverse effects from the antidotal use of ILE in veterinary medicine.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Sep 2011
ReviewComplications of upper airway surgery in companion animals.
Surgery of the upper airway is performed in dogs for the correction of brachycephalic airway syndrome and laryngeal paralysis and for temporary or permanent tracheostomy. Although technically simple to perform, upper airway surgeries can lead to the development of significant postoperative complications. This article reviews complications associated with common surgical conditions of the upper airway. ⋯ It also covers laryngeal paralysis with a focus on unilateral arytenoid lateralization and the complication of aspiration pneumonia. The condition of acquired laryngeal webbing/stenosis and potential treatment options is also discussed. Finally, tracheostomies and associated complications in dogs and cats are reviewed.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Jul 2011
Respiratory complications in critical illness of small animals.
The percentage of emergency patients with respiratory problems treated at veterinary emergency and critical care facilities is poorly defined. Regardless of whether an animal has a primary lung disease or develops a secondary lung disease during hospitalization, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common sequela to the failing lung. ⋯ ARDS, acute lung injury, SIRS, sepsis, and MODS are serious syndromes with grave consequences. Understanding the pathophysiology and consequences of these syndromes is imperative to early recognition.