Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Mar 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of ondansetron with ondansetron plus dexamethasone for antiemetic prophylaxis in children undergoing strabismus surgery.
Children undergoing strabismus surgery have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron plus dexamethasone is effective in reducing its incidence in many surgical procedures. ⋯ Ondansetron and ondansetron plus dexamethasone were equally effective in preventing early nausea and vomiting in children following strabismus surgery. However, the efficacy of dexamethasone in late postoperative nausea and vomiting could not be demonstrated. Further studies with a large population and different doses of dexamethasone may be warranted.
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Mar 2004
Inflicted childhood neurotrauma (shaken baby syndrome): ophthalmic findings.
Inflicted childhood neurotrauma (shaken baby syndrome) is the term used for violent, nonaccidental, repetitive, unrestrained acceleration-deceleration head and neck movements, with or without blunt head trauma, combined with a unique, age-related biomechanical sensitivity in children typically younger than 3 years. This syndrome is typically characterized by a combination of fractures, intracranial hemorrhages, and intraocular hemorrhages. ⋯ In recent years, increasing pressure has been placed on ophthalmologists to render diagnostic interpretations of the retinal findings in children suspected to be victims, which may have great forensic implications in criminal proceedings. New research has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of retinal hemorrhages, the importance of specifically characterizing the types, patterns, and extent of these retinal hemorrhages, and the differential diagnosis.