Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Mar 2004
Inflicted childhood neurotrauma (shaken baby syndrome): ophthalmic findings.
Inflicted childhood neurotrauma (shaken baby syndrome) is the term used for violent, nonaccidental, repetitive, unrestrained acceleration-deceleration head and neck movements, with or without blunt head trauma, combined with a unique, age-related biomechanical sensitivity in children typically younger than 3 years. This syndrome is typically characterized by a combination of fractures, intracranial hemorrhages, and intraocular hemorrhages. ⋯ In recent years, increasing pressure has been placed on ophthalmologists to render diagnostic interpretations of the retinal findings in children suspected to be victims, which may have great forensic implications in criminal proceedings. New research has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of retinal hemorrhages, the importance of specifically characterizing the types, patterns, and extent of these retinal hemorrhages, and the differential diagnosis.
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Nov 2003
Topical mydriatic and cycloplegic spray for Chinese children.
To assess the efficacy and tolerance of mydriatic and cycloplegic spray versus drops for Chinese children. ⋯ The spray system appears to be clinically equivalent to the drops for achieving effective pupil dilation and cycloplegia, even in a population with dark irides such as ours. Tolerability and acceptance improved because the spray was applied to the closed eyelids.
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Jan 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of anti-emetic effects of ondansetron and low-dose droperidol in pediatric strabismus surgery.
Strabismus surgery is associated with a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A dose of 150 microg/kg(-1) of ondansetron has been found to be effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients. However, droperidol (20 to 75 microg/kg(-1)) has shown variable success with various side effects. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 25 microg/kg(-1) of droperidol and compare it with that of 150 microg/kg(-1) of ondansetron in pediatric strabismus surgery. ⋯ Doses of 25 microg/kg(-1) of droperidol and 150 microg/kg(-1) of ondansetron administered at induction of anesthesia are equally effective in reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in children undergoing strabismus surgery.