Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Sep 2014
Effect of general anesthesia and muscle relaxants on keratometry measurements using a handheld keratometer.
Keratometry measurements are often obtained under general anesthesia in the supine position in difficult patients and pediatric procedures. This study investigates the effect of general anesthesia and muscle relaxants on keratometry readings using a handheld keratometer. ⋯ Keratometry readings using the handheld keratometer obtained under general anesthesia were as reliable as readings obtained in the awake state, regardless of posture; administration of muscle relaxants at induction may produce flatter keratometry readings.
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · May 2014
ReviewThe safety and efficacy of chloral hydrate sedation for pediatric ophthalmic procedures: a retrospective review.
To determine the safety and efficacy of high-dose oral chloral hydrate for pediatric ophthalmic procedures. ⋯ The use of chloral hydrate sedation for ophthalmic evaluation and imaging was safe and effective in this patient population with a high rate of procedure completion.
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J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus · Jan 2014
Case ReportsTransient ileus associated with the use of mydriatics after screening for retinopathy of prematurity in a very low birth weight infant.
Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have ophthalmologic examinations for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) prior to discharge, with appropriate follow-up and intervention where appropriate. Eye drops such as cylopentolate, tropicamide, and phenylephrine are used at different concentrations to provide proper pupil dilation for screening ROP. Topical instillation of eye drops may cause mild or severe ocular or systemic adverse effects. ⋯ The authors present a case of a VLBW infant who developed significant abdominal symptoms (mimicking ileus) that were significant enough to discontinue oral feeding after ocular instillation of 0.5% tropicamide and 2.5% phenylephrine eye drops for routine examination of ROP. After structural and functional gastrointestinal disorders and sepsis were excluded, symptoms resolved completely after discontinuation of the drug. This report is thought to be the first in the medical literature to address 5% tropicamide and 2.5% phenylephrine eye drops, and the combination that may lead to serious complication after ROP examinations.