Læknablađiđ
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Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common cause of facial pain in individuals over 50 years old and can have a profoundly negative impact on quality of life. Epidemiological studies have measured the annual incidence of trigeminal neuralgia at around 4-5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. In Iceland, this would amount to about 16-20 new cases annually. ⋯ Other underlying causes include multiple sclerosis (MS), tumors and in some cases, no cause is found. Treatment for trigeminal neuralgia involves medication with drugs such as carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, gabapentin, or various types of surgical procedures. This article will review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.
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A case is reported of a man in his 70s that presented to the emergency department due to difficulty swallowing after a fall. He was found to have a large retropharyngeal hematoma, which led to complete airway obstruction about an hour after the injury. ⋯ Retropharyngeal bleeding following trauma is rare. A pre-hospital cricothyrotomy has not previously been reported for this injury.
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Review
[Nordic nutrition recommendations 2023 on diet for health and environment estimated for children].
Nordic nutrition recommendations 2023 (NNR2023) advised for the first time certain amounts of foods from food-groups based on scientific data on healthy and environment-friendly diet. The food-based-dietary-guidelines are intended for adults and children above age two, but children's energy requirement and intake are lower than those of adults. In this review, reference amounts of food from different food-groups are calculated for children to align with the combination recommended for adults in NNR2023. ⋯ The median of meat intake was higher than advised maximum intake of red meat for pre-schoolers and adolescents. Pre-schoolers had high fish intake, while older children, especially adolescent girls, had a lower intake. New studies on children's diet are needed in Iceland to analyse their diet today.