Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Sep 2021
Immune-related adverse events and immune checkpoint inhibitor tolerance on rechallenge in patients with irAEs: a single-center experience.
Given the widespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), newer immune related adverse events (irAEs) have come to light, including flare-ups of preexisting autoimmune disorders (AIDs) and delayed immune-related events. We aimed to identify the frequency and severity of new IRAEs, including AID flares in cancer patients treated with ICIs at our institution. We also studied the tolerability of ICIs upon rechallenge in patients with irAEs and hospital admissions due to irAEs in a community setting in rural Maine. ⋯ Our study shows that ICIs were generally well tolerated and can be used safely even in patients with preexisting AIDs; it is encouraging to see majority tolerated rechallenge with ICIs well.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2021
Real-world outcomes of anti-PD1 antibodies in platinum-refractory, PD-L1-positive recurrent and/or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, and its potential practical predictors: first report from Korean Cancer Study Group LU19-05.
Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors have become a new therapeutic option for recurrent/metastatic non-small cell lung cancers (R/M-NSCLC), its clinical benefit in the real-world is still unclear. ⋯ The real-world benefit of later-line anti-PD1 antibodies was comparable to clinical trials in patients with R/M-NSCLC, although patients generally were more heavily pretreated and had poorer ECOG-PS. Concordantly high PD-L1 TPS ≥ 50% and development of irAE could independently predict better treatment outcomes, while EGFR mutation negatively affected OS.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2021
Controlled Clinical Trial Pragmatic Clinical TrialEffects of a patient-tailored integrative oncology intervention in the relief of pain in palliative and supportive cancer care.
The present study examined the impact of an integrative oncology treatment program in the relief of pain in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or palliative care. ⋯ High adherence to integrative care was found to be associated with a greater effect on pain relief at 6 weeks but not at 12 weeks in patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or palliative care.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · May 2021
Randomized Controlled TrialNab-paclitaxel plus S-1 versus nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a randomized study.
To investigate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus S-1 (nab-P/S) versus nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (nab-P/G) as first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). ⋯ A biweekly combination of nab-P/S yielded comparable efficacy with nab-P/G but improved safety profile. It may be a promising and convenient alternative as first-line and neoadjuvant settings for advanced PDAC.
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J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. · Mar 2021
Genetic variants in NKG2D axis and susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare epithelial carcinoma arising from the nasopharyngeal region. The pathogenesis of NPC is linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, although genetics and lifestyle factors appears to be also implicated. NKG2D is an immunoreceptor expressed by NK and T-cell subsets that recognizes MICA protein and other ligands on tumor cells. NKG2D interaction with MICA plays a role in the immunosurveillance to viruses and cancer. ⋯ We observed a significant association between the LNK/LNK genotype of rs1049174 (a variant associated with lower NKG2D receptor expression and reduced NK cell cytotoxicity) and increased susceptibility to NPC (adjusted OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.07-2.59; p = 0.024). Similarly, the AA genotype of MICA rs2596542 was significantly associated with NPC (adjusted OR = 2.12; 95% CI 1.22-3.81; p = 0.009). In addition, tumor specimens of NPC patients with the AA genotype displayed a higher expression level of MICA proteins and showed higher EBV titers compared with tumor tissues from patients with the GG or GA genotypes. Higher EBV copy numbers were also observed in tumors with the A allele of MICA rs1051792 (also known as MICA-129 Met/Val) compared with those with the G allele; however, MICA rs1051792 variants were not associated with NPC susceptibility. These results suggest that genetic variants in components of the NKG2D axis may influence the individual susceptibility to EBV-induced NPC.