Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Aug 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAssessment of Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel Treatment in Patients With ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
Ticagrelor improves the clinical outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). However, few studies have directly compared the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor against clopidogrel, an oral, thienopyridine-class antiplatelet drug. This study compared the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and clopidogrel in patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI. ⋯ Among patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI, ticagrelor reduces the incidence of MACCE and the composite end point of cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI, and stroke compared with clopidogrel. Ticagrelor also reduces the need for GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors. However, no significant difference was observed in the risk of bleeding between the 2 groups.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Jul 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyDoes antiarrhythmic drug during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation improve the one-month survival: The SOS-KANTO 2012 study.
Antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD) are often used for fatal ventricular arrhythmias during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). However, the efficacy of initial AAD administration during CPR in improving long-term prognosis remains unknown. This study retrospectively evaluated the effect of AAD administration during CPR on 1-month prognosis in the SOS-KANTO 2012 study population. ⋯ Significantly greater 1-month survival was observed in the AAD group compared with the non-AAD group. However, the effect of ADD on the likelihood of a favorable neurological outcome remains unclear. The findings of the present study may indicate a requirement for future randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of ADD administration during CPR on long-term prognosis.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Apr 2016
Levosimendan Prevents Pressure-Overload-induced Right Ventricular Failure.
We investigated if chronic levosimendan treatment can prevent and revert pressure-overload-induced right ventricular hypertrophy and failure in rats. ⋯ Chronic treatment with levosimendan prevents the development of right ventricular failure and improves contractility in established pressure-overload-induced right ventricular failure.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Feb 2016
ReviewMilrinone Dosing Issues in Critically Ill Children With Kidney Injury: A Review.
Milrinone is an inotropic drug used in a variety of clinical settings in adults and children. The efficacy of milrinone in pediatric low-cardiac output syndrome after cardiac surgery is reported. Its primary route of removal from the body is through the kidney as unchanged drug in the urine. ⋯ There are no specific therapies to mitigate AKI once it has developed, and interventions are focused on supportive care and dose adjustment of medications. Estimating glomerular filtration rate based on height and serum creatinine is the most commonly used clinical method for assessing kidney function and modification of medication doses. The purpose of this review is to discuss our current understanding of milrinone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children with AKI and to describe the potential use of urinary biomarkers to guide therapeutic decision making for milrinone dosing.
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J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. · Sep 2015
Autonomic Remodeling: How Atrial Fibrillation Begets Atrial Fibrillation in the First 24 Hours.
The mechanism(s) of how atrial fibrillation (AF) sustains itself in the first 24 hours is not well understood. ⋯ AF resulted in progressive autonomic remodeling, manifesting as nerve sprouting, sympathetic and vagal hyperinnervation. Autonomic remodeling may play an important role in sustaining AF in the first 24 hours.