Digestive diseases and sciences
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The reported rates of gastrointestinal (GI) lesions among pre-menopausal women with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) vary considerably. ⋯ Upper GI findings, mainly HP gastritis and celiac disease, were the most common pathologic findings. Initial evaluation of IDA in premenopausal women may include urea breath test and celiac serology. Further endoscopic evaluation can be reserved for those women who are found to be negative in the initial evaluation, as well as in cases of failure of IDA remission after successful HP eradication.