International ophthalmology
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As the eyes are in close proximity to the skull, they can get simultaneously affected in head injuries. This close association warrants careful ocular examination in all cases of head injury. This is a prospective non-randomized analytical study to evaluate various ocular manifestations in cases of head injury with special reference to ocular motor nerve involvement, correlation between pupillary changes, and survival. ⋯ Patients with bilaterally dilated or pinpoint fixed pupils had a 10 times higher risk of mortality than patients without pupillary involvement. Third nerve involvement was seen 2.85 times more frequently in frontal and parietal region injuries compared to other sites of injury. The involvement of the sixth nerve occurred 4.6 times more frequently in parietal region injuries compared to other sites of injury.
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A 36-year-old aboriginal female presented following an assault with a wooden fence paling. Examination revealed a wooden object protruding lateral to the left eyebrow. ⋯ The case was managed successfully with complete recovery of the visual acuity on day 1 post-surgery. This case highlights the importance of prompt removal of large lateral wooden intraorbital foreign body to achieve an excellent visual outcome.
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Taxanes are widely used anticancer agents, produced from the plants of the genus Taxus (yews). One of the rare side-effects caused by taxanes is a bilateral cystoid macular oedema (CMO). The particularity of this type of CMO is that it is angiographically silent showing no leakage or pooling on fluorescein angiography (FA). ⋯ TDICMO most probably originates from retinal pigment epithelium dysfunction by their effect on microtubule functions and not from vascular leakage. The content of the CMO seems to be made up of viscous fluid. As the origin of the CMO is not inflammatory, classical CMO treatments have no effect and only discontinuation of the taxane drug allows reversal of the CMO.
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To report the clinical findings and a novel method of removal of bee sting using an endoillumination light source the following methods were used: clinical presentation, slit-lamp photographs, serial endothelial images and surgical management of a case of retained bee sting in the cornea. The bee sting was surgically removed by forceps under focal illumination with an endoillumination light source. Topical steroids and cycloplegics were given postoperatively to control the inflammation. ⋯ The clinical picture of a corneal honey bee sting resembles keratouveitis. Focal corneal infiltrate and associated low-grade uveitis tend to persist if treated with topical steroids only. Early recognition and prompt removal of the stinger may help in the early resolution of anterior segment inflammation and prevent irreversible damage to endothelial cells.