Japanese journal of clinical oncology
-
Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2019
Multicenter StudyThe effect and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in non-small cell lung cancer.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated long survival for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the effect and safety of ICI rechallenge have not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of ICI rechallenge in NSCLC patients. ⋯ In this study, the effect of ICI rechallenge was limited. Careful consideration of the administration of ICI rechallenge is necessary. This report involved a small number of cases, so further large prospective studies are warranted to confirm the efficacy of ICI rechallenge and to investigate predictive markers to identify a patient population in which ICI rechallenge is effective.
-
The prognosis of multiple myeloma was quite poor in the last century, but it has significantly improved with the incorporation of novel agents, immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors. Thalidomide was first developed as a sedative in 1950s, but it was withdrawn from the market because of teratogenicity. In 1990s, however, thalidomide received attention due to the discovery of its anticancer potential derived from antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities, and its therapeutic effect on myeloma. ⋯ There are many clinical trials of multiple myeloma using IMiDs under various conditions, and most of them show the efficacy of IMiDs. Nowadays lenalidomide plays a central role in both newly diagnosed and relapsed/refractory settings, mainly in combination with other novel agents such as proteasome inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies. This review presents an overview of recent advances in immunomodulatory drugs in the treatment of multiple myeloma.
-
Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2019
Multicenter StudySub-classification of patients with intermediate-risk metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with targeted therapy.
International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium model predicts the outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma stratified into favorable, intermediate, and poor risk groups (FG, IG, and PG, respectively), with approximately 50% of patients being classified as IG. We aimed to generate better risk model based on the sub-classification of IG. ⋯ We successfully developed modified IMDC model using a two-step process: the original IMDC plus an IG sub-stratification, and demonstrated that it predicts outcomes more accurately than original model.
-
Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. · Aug 2019
Case ReportsEfficacy of afatinib treatment for lung adenocarcinoma harboring exon 18 delE709_T710insD mutation.
Exon 18 delE709_T710insD is an extremely rare mutation in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC); the efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors against this mutation remains unclear. In this case report, we report a case of NSCLC harboring EGFR exon 18 delE709_T710insD that was not detected by a commercially available assay, but was detected by a next-generation sequencing cancer panel. A 56-year old female patient with advanced NSCLC was diagnosed as EGFR-mutation-negative using the PNAClamp method. ⋯ Clinical characteristics, including adenocarcinoma histology and no history of smoking, implied the presence of a driver mutation, so a next-generation-sequencing Oncomine® Cancer Research Panel was conducted in the patient's clinical course and the EGFR exon 18 delE709_T710insD mutation was detected. The patient started afatinib as sixth-line treatment and her pulmonary lesion significantly decreased in size. Afatinib was continued for 7 months until disease progressed.