Journal of affective disorders
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Multicenter Study
Can repetition of deliberate self-harm be predicted? A prospective multicenter study validating clinical decision rules.
Clinical decision rules have been developed to help identify patients at high risk of repeating deliberate self-harm actions. The objective of this study was to prospectively validate the clinical decision rules', Södersjukhuset Self-Harm Rule and Manchester Self-Harm Rule, ability to predict repetition of deliberate self-harm (DSH). ⋯ Clinical decision rules could be used as a compliment providing important additional information regarding risk of repetition in an ED setting when focusing on high sensitivity.
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Multicenter Study
Prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation among Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom veterans.
We sought to determine the prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation (SI) among Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans following the Department of Veterans Affairs' (VA) 2007 implementation of required brief SI assessments for veterans who screen positive for depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. ⋯ SI is common among OEF/OIF veterans who receive VA care, perhaps more so among non-white veterans. Targeting veterans with higher PHQ-2 scores for SI assessment should be considered to reduce patient and administrative burden.
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Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression frequently co-occur, but their distinctiveness following trauma remains unclear. We examined patterns of PTSD and depression symptoms after sexual assault to evaluate the extent to which assault survivors primarily reported symptoms of both disorders or whether there were meaningfully distinct subgroups with discordant PTSD and depression symptoms. ⋯ Co-occurring and comparably severe PTSD and depression symptoms are pervasive among female sexual assault survivors. The absence of a distinct subset of individuals with only PTSD or depression symptoms suggests that PTSD and depression may be manifestations of a general posttraumatic stress response rather than distinct disorders after trauma. Integrated treatments targeting both PTSD and depression symptoms may therefore prove more efficient and effective.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Changes in cognitive versus somatic symptoms of depression and event-free survival following acute myocardial infarction in the Enhancing Recovery In Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study.
Randomized controlled trials focusing on the effects of antidepressant treatment in cardiac patients have found modest effects on depressive symptoms but not on cardiac outcomes. A secondary analysis was conducted on data from the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease trial to assess whether changes in somatic or cognitive depressive symptoms following acute MI predicted event-free survival and whether the results differed per treatment arm (cognitive behavior therapy or care as usual). ⋯ Changes in somatic depressive symptoms, and not cognitive symptoms, were related to improved outcomes in the intervention arm, independent of demographic and clinical variables.
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The current study investigated whether the influence of alexithymia on psychological distress (PD) differed according to the seriousness of complicated grief (CG) and the time since bereavement in the Japanese general population. ⋯ Our findings showed that the relationship between alexithymia and psychological distress was significantly same for group 1 and 4. In group 2, EO was less correlated with the other subscales of alexithymia, which suggests that EO is utilized as a coping style for bereavement that, in turn, influences convalescence during the half year following bereavement.