Brain & development
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Brain & development · Apr 2015
Efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for acute encephalopathy in children.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin (fPHT) for the treatment of seizures in children with acute encephalopathy. ⋯ fPHT is effective and well tolerated among children with acute encephalopathy.
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Brain & development · Mar 2015
Targeted temperature management of acute encephalopathy without AST elevation.
Acute encephalopathy is a leading cause of mortality and neurological sequelae in children. Although many strategies have been proposed, effective therapies have not yet been established. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the effectiveness of targeted temperature management in children with acute encephalopathy. ⋯ We determined that targeted temperature management could improve outcome in acute encephalopathy without AST elevation.
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Brain & development · Jan 2015
Case ReportsComplex regional pain syndrome in a 15-year-old girl successfully treated with continuous epidural anesthesia.
A 15-year-old girl developed severe pain in her right upper limb within a few days after she experienced an astatic epileptic seizure accompanied by falling on her right side. She was treated with fluid infusion through a cannula into her right hand. ⋯ The pain and accompanying symptoms completely disappeared within 5 days. Early treatment with continuous epidural anesthesia may be a promising option for the management of complex regional pain syndrome during childhood.
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Brain & development · Jan 2015
Case ReportsA case of pontine tegmental cap dysplasia with comorbidity of oculoauriculovertebral spectrum.
Pontine tegmental cap dysplasia (PTCD) is a newly described brainstem malformation with distinct neuroimaging findings, characterized by a flattened ventral pons, cerebellar vermal hypoplasia and vaulted pontine tegmentum that forms a "caplike" or "beaklike" bulge projecting into the fourth ventricle. We describe a 3-month-old infant male who presented with typical neuroradiological findings as well as clinical features of PTCD. ⋯ Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum (OAVS) was thus considered to be an accompanying phenotype of this patient. The unique comorbidity seen in this patient suggests that PTCD and OAVS may partly share a common mechanism in their pathogenesis.
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Brain & development · Jan 2015
Study of epileptic drop attacks in symptomatic epilepsy of early childhood - differences from those in myoclonic-astatic epilepsy.
We studied epileptic drop attacks (EDA) in symptomatic epilepsy of early childhood by means of video-polygraphic recordings and compared clinico-electrical differences in EDA among patients with idiopathic myoclonic-astatic epilepsy (MAE). ⋯ EDA often seen in young children with symptomatic epilepsy were most frequently caused by flexor type ES and rarely by myoclonic-atonic seizures, a hallmark seizure type of MAE. In a clinical setting, the occurrence of periodic clusters and independent focal or multifocal accentuations of generalized spike-and-wave complexes in interictal EEG may indicate EDA caused by ES.