Brain & development
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Brain & development · May 2019
ReviewRecreational nitrous oxide abuse related subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in adolescents - A case series and literature review.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a commonly used inhaled anesthetic in outpatient dental procedures. However, the increasing recreational use of N2O may result in vitamin B12 deficiency-related neurologic and psychiatric symptoms. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the clinical features of chronic N2O abuse in pediatric patients. ⋯ Chronic N2O abuse can cause permanent neurological damage if not treated promptly. Clinical staff should be aware of the various presentations of neurotoxicity related to N2O abuse.
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Brain & development · Nov 2017
Review Case ReportsChildhood idiopathic spinal cord infarction: Description of 7 cases and review of the literature.
To describe the clinical course, neuroimaging findings and functional outcome of idiopathic spinal cord infarction (SCI) in adolescents. ⋯ Idiopathic SCI typically occurs in adolescence with a rapid onset and painful acute myelopathy. The MRI shows a T2-hyperintense signal within the spinal cord and provides evidence for an ischemic mechanism. Etiology remains unclear in most cases even though some specific risk factors for this age must play an important role in the pathogenesis, such as mechanical constraints on the immature spine.
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Brain & development · Nov 2016
ReviewReversible splenial lesion syndrome in children: Retrospective study and summary of case series.
To describe clinical features of reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) in children. ⋯ Although RESLES in children tend to be a good outcome, the prognosis of patient in severe group, especially with extra-CC lesions, might have neurological sequelae.
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Brain & development · Aug 2016
Review Case ReportsInfantile spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type I presenting without respiratory involvement: Novel mutations and review of the literature.
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 (SMARD1), also known as distal spinal muscular atrophy 1 (DSMA1) or distal hereditary motor neuropathies type 6 (dHMN6), is a rare autosomal recessive motor neuron disorder that affects infants and is characterized by diaphragmatic palsy, distal muscular weakness and muscle atrophy. The disease is caused by mutations in the gene encoding immunoglobulinm-binding protein 2 (IGHMBP2). ⋯ We propose that IGHMBP2 gene mutations are characterized by significant phenotypic heterogeneity. Diaphragmatic palsy and respiratory distress may be absent and SMARD1 should be considered in infantile with the onset of peripheral neuropathies.
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Brain & development · Jan 2016
ReviewSpectrum of migraine variants and beyond: The individual syndromes in children.
"Migraine-related conditions" are probably the second most common condition after seizure encountered in pediatric neurology requiring frequent Emergency Department visits. Among migraines, migraine-related condition presents with an acute onset sign or symptom other than headache or visual aura of unknown etiology. ⋯ Previously, the authors proposed a common clinical profile and suggested that the future review should seek the applicability of the common profile in aid to clinical diagnosis of migraine-related individual syndromes. Authors describe the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of the spectrum of migraine variants and beyond in children.