Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. · May 2006
Comparative StudyPredictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infection due to ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Bloodstream infection (BSI) due to multidrug-resistant Klebsiella is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with BSI due to ceftazidime-resistant (CAZ-R) Klebsiella pneumoniae at a tertiary care medical center. Patients with CAZ-R K. pneumoniae BSI were identified by our microbiology laboratory between January 1995 and June 2003. ⋯ Strain genotype was not predictive of outcome. In multivariable analysis, delay in initiation of effective therapy for >72 h after diagnosis of BSI was an independent predictor of death (odds ratio, 3.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.07 to 10.3). Thus, among patients with BSI due to CAZ-R K. pneumoniae, a delay in the initiation of effective therapy of greater than 72 h after BSI was associated with a >3-fold increase in mortality risk.
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Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. · May 2006
Nebulized amphotericin B combined with intravenous amphotericin B in rats with severe invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
Nebulized amphotericin B (AMB) combined with intravenous AMB was studied in persistently leukopenic rats with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Pulmonary concentrations of AMB after aerosol treatment were substantially higher than after intravenous liposomal AMB. Nebulized liposomal AMB in addition to intravenous AMB resulted in significantly prolonged survival compared to controls.