Journal of epidemiology and community health
-
J Epidemiol Community Health · Apr 2012
Outcome reporting bias in evaluations of public health interventions: evidence of impact and the potential role of a study register.
Systematic reviews of the effectiveness of interventions are increasingly used to inform recommendations for public health policy and practice, but outcome reporting bias is rarely assessed. ⋯ The findings from this single evaluation provide empirical data to support the call for a prospective public health interventions study registry to aid the identification of unreported or incompletely reported outcomes. Critical appraisal tools can also be used to identify incompletely reported outcomes, but a tool such as ORBIT requires development to be suitable for public health intervention evaluations.
-
J Epidemiol Community Health · Apr 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffects of Smokefree Class Competition 1 year after the end of intervention: a cluster randomised controlled trial.
The Smokefree Class Competition, a school-based smoking prevention intervention, is widely disseminated in Europe. Participating classes commit themselves to be smoke-free and self-monitor their smoking status. Classes that remain smoke-free for 6 months can win prizes. Effects of the intervention on current smoking, initiation and progression of smoking were investigated. ⋯ Trial registration ISRCTN27091233 in Current Control Trial Register.
-
J Epidemiol Community Health · Apr 2012
Comparative StudyBirth outcomes and infant mortality among First Nations Inuit, and non-Indigenous women by northern versus southern residence, Quebec.
In circumpolar countries such as Canada, northern regions represent a unique geographical entity climatically, socioeconomically and environmentally. There is a lack of comparative data on birth outcomes among Indigenous and non-Indigenous subpopulations within northern regions and compared with southern regions. ⋯ All northern infants (First Nations, Inuit or non-Indigenous) were at substantially elevated risk of infant death in Quebec, despite a universal health insurance system. Southern First Nations newborns have not benefited from the more advanced perinatal care facilities in southern regions. Environmental influences may partly account for the very high prevalence of macrosomia among First Nations in northern Quebec.