Journal of periodontology
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Journal of periodontology · Nov 2005
Comparative StudyTobacco smoking and periodontal health in a Saudi Arabian population.
The objective of this study was to examine the association between tobacco smoking, in particular water pipe smoking, and periodontal health. ⋯ An association was observed between water pipe smoking and periodontal disease manifestations in terms of probing depth measurements. The impact of water pipe smoking was of largely the same magnitude as that of cigarette smoking.