Annals of emergency medicine
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Correction of metabolic acidosis in experimental CPR: a comparative study of sodium bicarbonate, carbicarb, and dextrose.
Carbicarb, sodium bicarbonate, and 5% dextrose were compared for effects on resuscitability in a canine model of electromechanical dissociation after ventricular fibrillation. ⋯ In this model of cardiac arrest, carbicarb was not superior to sodium bicarbonate in the correction of metabolic acidosis during CPR.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Preliminary evaluation of a prototype tube-valve-mask ventilator for emergency artificial ventilation.
The objective was to design a prototype tube-valve-mask ventilator that would permit relatively inexperienced operators to provide adequate emergency artificial ventilation, namely, adequate ventilatory volumes and a high oxygen and low carbon dioxide delivery. ⋯ In the hands of relatively inexperienced operators, mouth-to-mouth, mouth-to-mask, and tube-valve-mask techniques provide adequate ventilation volumes to a mannikin. This was not the case with the bag-valve-mask systems (800 mL; P = .05 by t test). Of the systems that provide adequate ventilation volume, the tube-valve-mask appears, superior in that higher oxygen and lower carbon dioxide concentrations can also be obtained (P = .05 by paired t test).
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of two doses of endotracheal epinephrine in a cardiac arrest model.
The objective of this study was to measure plasma catecholamine levels and the cardiovascular response before and after endotracheal administration of epinephrine in a swine cardiac arrest model. ⋯ These data suggest that standard dosing of epinephrine through the endotracheal tube during arrest does not produce significant increases in plasma catecholamines or blood pressure. Epinephrine 0.1 mg/kg produces a significant increase in plasma epinephrine levels, but it is not sufficient to produce a significant change in blood pressure.
-
Comparative Study
A disposable end-tidal CO2 detector to verify endotracheal intubation.
We compared the performance of the Fenem FEF end-tidal CO2 detector with the TRIMED capnometer to verify endotracheal intubation. ⋯ We conclude that the performance of the FEF CO2 detector is equal to that of the TRIMED monitor for verification of endotracheal intubation in nonCPR situations. Interpretation of FEF color changes during CPR should be approached with caution until further studies using the FEF during CPR are completed.
-
To determine the ability of a disposable colorimetric CO2 detector to accurately confirm or refute endotracheal tube placement. ⋯ The FEF colorimetric detector reliably detects intratracheal placement in the nonarrested patient. Its use in prolonged cardiac arrest merits further study.