Annals of emergency medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Cost-effectiveness of lay responder defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Our objective is to evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness of use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillators (AEDs) by lay responders (CPR+AED) versus CPR only for cardiac arrest during a multicenter randomized trial. ⋯ Training and equipping lay volunteers to defibrillate in public places may have an incremental cost-effectiveness that is similar to that of other common health interventions.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A randomized, crossover comparison of injected buffered lidocaine, lidocaine cream, and no analgesia for peripheral intravenous cannula insertion.
We compare pain and anxiety associated with peripheral intravenous (IV) cannula insertion after pretreatment with no local anesthesia, 4% lidocaine cream, or subcutaneously injected, buffered 1% lidocaine. ⋯ In adult health care providers, pain and anxiety associated with peripheral IV insertion is significantly reduced by using topical lidocaine cream or injected, buffered lidocaine. Injected, buffered lidocaine reduces IV insertion pain more than lidocaine cream, without affecting success. Adults desire the use of local anesthetic techniques for IV insertion for themselves and for their patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Do minority or white patients respond to brief alcohol intervention in trauma centers? A randomized trial.
The current study evaluates whether the effectiveness of brief alcohol intervention in reducing 6- and 12-month risk of injuries in a large Level I urban trauma center varies according to trauma patients' ethnicity. ⋯ Our study, congruent with some recent publications, implies that there are some patient- and provider-related impediments that could restrict the effectiveness of brief intervention programs in trauma centers, regardless of patient ethnicity. Unless those impediments are identified and eliminated, assuming that brief intervention will be an effective strategy for controlling future alcohol-related injuries among trauma patients and should be provided under any circumstances might not be reasonable.