International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Apr 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of nebulized budesonide, and intramuscular, and oral dexamethasone for treatment of croup.
Croup or acute laryngotracheobronchitis is the most common cause of the upper airway obstruction. Cool mist, nebulized racemic epinephrine and steroids are commonly used for therapy. Although steroid treatment can be applied orally, in nebulized form, or parenterally, no study has compared these three regimens yet. In this study, the efficacy of nebulized budesonide, and oral and intramuscular dexamethasone are compared for treatment of croup. ⋯ Nebulized budesonide, oral and parenteral dexamethasone have the same effectiveness for treatment of croup and the choice depends on conditions of the patient and the physician.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Apr 2004
Case ReportsMultiple airway abnormalities in a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome.
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by skin manifestations, juvenile cataracts, and extracutaneous manifestations. The presence of congenital airway abnormalities has not previously been documented in Rothmund-Thomson syndrome. ⋯ Our case highlights the importance of suspecting multiple airway abnormalities in any child with respiratory distress with other systemic anomalies. This necessitates meticulous anatomical and dynamic examination of the laryngotracheo-broncheal tree.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Apr 2004
The prevalence of vocal fold nodules in school age children.
To explore the actual prevalence of vocal nodules among school age children. ⋯ Laryngoscopic examination revealed that 430 (69.7%) of the children were normal. Of the remaining 187 children, 82 (13.3%) had minimal lesion, 88 (14.3%) immature nodule, 16 (2.6%) mature nodule and 1 (0.2%) vocal polyp. Comparisons of acoustic parameters revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between normal and minimal lesion groups, and between immature and mature nodule groups. Actual vocal nodule ratios which include both immature and mature nodule groups among whole school children were found to be 21.6% in males and 11.7% in females.
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Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. · Apr 2004
Case ReportsButton batteries in the ear, nose and upper aerodigestive tract.
With the miniaturization of electronic devices, the demand and usage of button batteries has risen. As a result, button batteries are more readily available for young children to handle and potentially mishandle. They are frequently inadvertently placed by children in their ears or noses. Occasionally they are swallowed and lodged along the upper aerodigestive tract. ⋯ Button battery ingestion requires prompt diagnosis and removal. A high index of suspicion along with radiographs help assist with the diagnosis. Potential tragic complications can be averted with expeditious removal.