AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Apr 2012
The added value of apparent diffusion coefficient to cerebral blood volume in the preoperative grading of diffuse gliomas.
In cerebral gliomas, rCBV correlates with tumor grade and histologic findings of vascular proliferation. Moreover, ADC assesses water diffusivity and is inversely correlated with tumor grade. In the present work, we have studied whether combined rCBV and ADC values improve the diagnostic accuracy of MR imaging in the preoperative grading of gliomas. ⋯ ADC measurements are better than rCBV values for distinguishing the grades of gliomas. The combination of minimum ADC and maximum rCBV improves the diagnostic accuracy of glioma grading.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Apr 2012
Controlled Clinical TrialComparative study of percutaneous vertebral body perforation and vertebroplasty for the treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures.
Percutaneous vertebral body perforation is a new technique for treating painful VCFs. Herein, we compare the therapeutic effect of vertebral perforation and conventional vertebroplasty for treating VCFs. ⋯ Vertebral perforation was safe and effective for painful VCFs with slight compression. However, vertebroplasty should be considered for patients with marked vertebral body compression.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Apr 2012
ReviewBiologic imaging of head and neck cancer: the present and the future.
While anatomic imaging (CT and MR imaging) of HNC is focused on diagnosing and/or characterizing the disease, defining its local extent, and evaluating distant spread, accurate assessment of the biologic status of the cancer (cellularity, growth rate, response to nonsurgical chemoradiation therapy, and so forth) can be invaluable for prognostication, planning therapy, and follow-up of lesions after therapy. The combination of anatomic and biologic imaging techniques can thus provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the patient. The purpose of this work was to review the present and future clinical applications of advanced biologic imaging techniques in HNC evaluation and management. As part of the biologic imaging array, we discuss MR spectroscopy, diffusion and perfusion MR imaging, CTP, and FDG-PET scanning and conclude with exciting developments that hold promise in assessment of tumor hypoxia and neoangiogenesis.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Apr 2012
Proton MR spectroscopy-detectable major neurotransmitters of the brain: biology and possible clinical applications.
Neurotransmitters are chemical substances that, by definition, allow communication between neurons and permit most neuronal-glial interactions in the CNS. Approximately 80% of all neurons use glutamate, and almost all interneurons use GABA. A third neurotransmitter, NAAG, modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission. ⋯ Recent advances in (1)H-MR spectroscopy hold promise in providing a more reliable in vivo detection of these neurotransmitters. In this article, we summarize the essential biology of 3 major neurotransmitters: glutamate, GABA, and NAAG. Finally we illustrate possible applications of (1)H-MR spectroscopy in neuroscience research.
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AJNR Am J Neuroradiol · Apr 2012
Case ReportsDelayed spontaneous rupture of a posterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm following treatment with flow diversion: a clinicopathologic study.
In this report, we present the fatal spontaneous delayed rupture of a previously unruptured large PICA aneurysm following treatment with the PED. Pathology at postmortem examination has supported the theory that intra-aneurysmal thrombus may acutely destabilize the aneurysm wall. Aneurysms with an anatomic arrangement that promote continued flow into the neck may not be optimal candidates for the flow-diversion treatment strategy.