Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Sep 2004
Saliva parameters as potential indices of hydration status during acute dehydration.
Firstly, to identify whether saliva flow rate, osmolality, and total protein are potential markers of hydration, we compared changes in these parameters with changes in plasma osmolality during progressive dehydration. Secondly, we compared the sensitivity of saliva parameters to track hydration changes with the sensitivity of urine osmolality. Thirdly, to test the hypothesis that dehydration, rather than neuroendocrine regulation, is responsible for the decrease in saliva flow rate during prolonged exercise, we compared flow rate and catecholamine responses to prolonged exercise with and without fluids. ⋯ colon; Saliva osmolality and total protein appear to be as sensitive as urine osmolality to track hydration changes during hypertonic-hypovolemia. These results also suggest that dehydration has a greater involvement in the decrease in saliva flow rate during prolonged exercise than neuroendocrine regulation.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Aug 2004
Trunk muscle strength and disability level of low back pain in collegiate wrestlers.
Low back pain (LBP) is a frequent injury in athletes. This study examined the relationship between isokinetic trunk muscle strength and the functional disability level of chronic LBP. We particularly focused on the existence of radiological abnormalities (RA) in the lumbar region. ⋯ The relatively low strength of trunk extensors may be one of the factors related to nonspecific chronic low back pain in collegiate wrestlers.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Sep 2003
Athletes with exercise-associated fatigue have abnormally short muscle DNA telomeres.
Although the beneficial health effects of regular moderate exercise are well established, there is substantial evidence that the heavy training and racing carried out by endurance athletes can cause skeletal muscle damage. This damage is repaired by satellite cells that can undergo a finite number of cell divisions. In this study, we have compared a marker of skeletal muscle regeneration of athletes with exercise-associated chronic fatigue, a condition labeled the "fatigued athlete myopathic syndrome" (FAMS), with healthy asymptomatic age- and mileage-matched control endurance athletes. ⋯ These findings suggest that skeletal muscle from symptomatic athletes with FAMS show extensive regeneration which most probably results from more frequent bouts of satellite cell proliferation in response to recurrent training- and racing-induced muscle injury.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Aug 2003
Comparative StudyActivity levels and body mass index of children in the United States, Sweden, and Australia.
Assess the physical activity and body mass index (BMI) levels of children in the United States, Sweden, and Australia. ⋯ American children tend to be the least active and heaviest with the greatest rate of increase in BMI. The Swedish children are the most active group followed by Australia. Swedish and Australian children maintain lower BMI throughout their prepubescent years than do the American children who have a greater percentage who are classified as overweight.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Jul 2003
Clinical TrialStability of dyspnea ratings after exercise training in patients with COPD.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) would report similar ratings of dyspnea at the same relative exercise intensity after participation in pulmonary rehabilitation. ⋯ The study suggests that patients with COPD can use the same ratings of dyspnea to monitor training at the same relative exercise intensity whether they achieve a physiological training response or not.