Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, cause, and nature of maxillofacial and dental injuries in ice hockey games and training and also evaluate the use and the effect of dental or facial guards. ⋯ A mandatory use of mouthguards and face masks or tightened rules for protection to decrease the high number of maxillofacial and dental injuries in the ice hockey games should be considered.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Mar 2002
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNeuromuscular adaptations to concurrent strength and endurance training.
The purpose of this study was to examine muscle morphological and neural activation adaptations resulting from the interaction between concurrent strength and endurance training. ⋯ Findings indicate 3-d x wk(-1) concurrent performance of both strength and endurance training does not impair adaptations in strength, muscle hypertrophy, and neural activation induced by strength training alone. Results provide a physiological basis to support several performance studies that consistently indicate 3-d x wk(-1) concurrent training does not impair strength development over the short term.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Jan 2002
Implementation of the Ottawa ankle rule in a university sports medicine center.
The Ottawa ankle rule (OAR) is a clinical decision rule used in emergency departments to identify which patients with acute ankle/midfoot injury require radiography. The purpose of this study was to implement the OAR, with a modification to improve the specificity for identifying malleolar fractures (the "Buffalo rule"), in a sports medicine center and measure impact on physician practice and cost savings. ⋯ The OAR reduced radiography in acute ankle/midfoot injury and saved money in relatively younger patients in the outpatient sports urgent care setting without missing any clinically significant fractures. The specificity of the Buffalo malleolar rule in the present implementation study, however, was not a significant improvement over the OAR malleolar rule. Widespread application of the OAR could save substantial resources without compromising quality of care.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Jan 2002
VO(2) reserve and the minimal intensity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness.
The American College of Sports Medicine has stated that aerobic training needs to occur at a minimum threshold intensity of 50% VO(2max) for most healthy adults and at 40% VO(2max) for those with a very low initial fitness. Recently, the concept of VO(2) reserve (%VO(2R), i.e., a percentage of the difference between maximum and resting VO(2)) has been introduced for prescribing exercise intensity. This analysis was designed to determine the threshold intensity for improving cardiorespiratory fitness expressed as %VO(2R) units. ⋯ Although evidence for a threshold intensity was not strong, this analysis of training studies supports the use of 45% VO(2R) as a minimal effective training intensity for higher fit subjects and 30% VO(2R) for lower fit subjects.
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The purpose of the study was to document various aspects of concussion in Canadian Amateur hockey including demographics, causes, treatment, and prevention in order to guide future recommendations on how to reduce injury. ⋯ The primary recommendation to reduce the number and severity of concussions is to eliminate plays where there is a demonstrable intent to injure another player. Concussions in hockey are of considerable concern; however, there is now encouraging information with respect to the treatment of these injuries.