Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Nov 2016
Incidence of Shoulder Dislocations and the Rate of Recurrent Instability in Soldiers.
Shoulder dislocations present a potentially debilitating injury for soldiers and other groups of physically active adults. The purpose of this study was to determine the 10-yr incidence rate of shoulder dislocations in soldiers, the percentage with recurrent instability, and risk factors for these injuries. ⋯ Within the active duty U.S. Army, men and younger individuals showed greater risk for shoulder dislocations. Over one-quarter of incident cases became recurrent. Axillary nerve injuries and younger age increased the odds of recurrent injury.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Oct 2016
Raw Accelerometer Data Analysis with GGIR R-package: Does Accelerometer Brand Matter?
This study aimed to determine the agreement between outputs from contemporaneous measures of acceleration from wrist-worn GENEActiv and ActiGraph accelerometers when processed using the GGIR open source package. ⋯ Derived outcomes (wear time, MVPA, and sleep) were similar between brands. Brands compared well for acceleration magnitudes >50-80 mg but not lower magnitudes indicative of sedentary time. Caution is advised when comparing the magnitude of ENMO between brands, but there was a high consistency between brands for the ranking of individuals for activity and sleep outcomes.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Oct 2016
Mediators of Exercise Effects on HRQoL in Cancer Survivors after Chemotherapy.
We investigated the hypothesis that combined resistance and endurance exercise improves cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength, thereby reducing fatigue and improving global quality of life (QoL) and physical function among cancer survivors who completed curative treatment including chemotherapy. ⋯ Beneficial effects of exercise on global QoL and physical function in cancer survivors were mediated by increased cardiorespiratory fitness and subsequent reductions in fatigue.
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There are limited nonlaboratory soccer head impact biomechanics data. This is surprising given soccer's global popularity. Epidemiological data suggest that female college soccer players are at a greater concussion injury risk than their male counterparts. Therefore, the purposes of our study were to quantify head impact frequency and magnitude during women's soccer practices and games in the National Collegiate Athletic Association and to characterize these data across event type, playing position, year on the team, and segment of game (first and second halves). ⋯ Head impact biomechanics studies have provided valuable insights into understanding collision sports and for informing evidence-based rule and policy changes. These have included changing the football kickoff, ice hockey body checking ages, and head-to-head hits in both sports. Given soccer's global popularity, and the growing public concern for the potential long-term neurological implications of collision and contact sports, studying soccer has the potential to impact many athletes and the sports medicine professionals caring for them.
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Med Sci Sports Exerc · Jul 2016
The Effect of Head Impact Location on Day of Diagnosed Concussion in College Football.
Scientists and clinicians have attempted to identify and understand biomechanical factors that influence concussion likelihood. The effect of impact frequency to a given head location before the concussion has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of impacts to a given head location on days of diagnosed concussion to the frequency of impacts to a given head location before kinematically matched nonconcussive impacts. ⋯ It may be more difficult to mitigate concussive forces sustained in impacts to the top and sides of the head than the front of the head. These findings fall in line with previous research demonstrating that reduced impact magnitudes may lessen concussion risk. Studying appropriate training paradigms to develop safer playing techniques on the field is warranted.