The Journal of hospital infection
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Practice Guideline Guideline
Guidance on the use of respiratory and facial protection equipment.
Infectious micro-organisms may be transmitted by a variety of routes, and some may be spread by more than one route. Respiratory and facial protection is required for those organisms that are usually transmitted via the droplet/airborne route, or when airborne particles have been artificially created, such as during 'aerosol-generating procedures'. ⋯ To address this issue, the Scientific Development Committee of the Healthcare Infection Society established a short-life working group to develop guidance. The guidance is based upon a review of the literature, which is published separately, and expert consensus.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection: incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors and prevention.
Arterial catheters are essential in critical care for haemodynamic and blood gas monitoring. The risk of infection remains ill defined. ⋯ In patients in intensive care with cryptogenic sepsis or bacteraemia, arterial catheter-related BSI must also be suspected and excluded. The most common route of infection is extraluminal; as such, novel technologies shown to prevent bloodstream infection with CVCs, such as chlorhexidine for cutaneous antisepsis and chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings, may also be of benefit with arterial catheters.
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Bloodstream infections in patients with kidney disease: risk factors for poor outcome and mortality.
Information regarding bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients with kidney diseases is scarce and mainly derived from selected groups of patients. ⋯ Nephrology patients have a high incidence of BSI, particularly patients undergoing haemodialysis. The predominant micro-organisms causing BSI episodes were Gram-negative bacilli. Patients with kidney disease have high BSI-related morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for mortality were high Charlson comorbidity index and persistent BSI. The presence of fever during the BSI episodes was found to be a protective factor.