Biomedical research
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Biomedical research · Aug 2009
Effects of hyperoxic inhalation on psychological stress-induced salivary biomarkers.
This study examined the effects of hyperoxic inhalation on psychological stress-induced salivary biomarkers. To induce psychological stress, eight males (22-24 year old) were performed a simple mathematical calculation. After the task, the subjects inspired either normal air or 100% O(2) for 30 min. ⋯ Changes in the increased rate of s-amylase activity and s-CgA concentration showed a significant negative correlation with each other, after the task. These results imply that hyperoxic inhalation attenuates a part of autonomic excitability resulting from psychological stress. Although both s-amylase and s-CgA are employed as biomarkers of autonomic excitability, the s-amylase and s-CgA do not appear to be regulated by the same autonomic nervous system.
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Biomedical research · Aug 2009
Type 2a sodium-phosphate co-transporter serves as a histological predictor of renal dysfunction and tubular apical damage in the kidneys of septic mice.
Acute renal failure (ARF) occurs in septic patients and is histologically characterized by tubular apical damages, including brush border breakdown. Nevertheless, little information is available to identify the apical injury at a molecular level. Type 2a Na-phosphate (Pi) co-transporter (NaPiT2a) is constitutively expressed by brush borders of proximal tubules under a healthy condition. ⋯ Inversely, the loss in apical NaPiT2a was restored in a regenerating stage, associated with the recovery from renal hypoxia. Overall, there was a negative correlation between the NaPiT2a expression and BUN levels or tubular injury scores in septic mice. Our data indicate that the loss of NaPiT2a is a reliable marker for predicting the progression of septic ARF, while local hypoxia might be involved in the decrease of NaPiT2a expression.
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Biomedical research · Feb 2009
Expressions of genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes are altered after sevoflurane, isoflurane, propofol or dexmedetomidine anesthesia.
We previously showed that sevoflurane anesthesia affected the expression ratios of 177 of 10,000 genes in multiple organs of rats by microarray analyses. The maximum number of altered genes was detected in the liver, and included several genes characterized as encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs). Here, we investigated whether alterations of pharmacokinetic gene expressions after anesthesia differed between inhalation and intravenous anesthesia, and how long the alterations persisted after awakening from anesthesia. ⋯ The expression ratios were mostly increased after 6 h of anesthesia and returned to their control levels at 24 h after awakening from anesthesia. However, the expression ratios of some genes remained elevated for 24 h after awakening from anesthesia. There were differences between inhalation and intravenous anesthesia, and interestingly, between sevoflurane and isoflurane and between propofol and dexmedetomidine.
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Biomedical research · Dec 2008
The facial massage reduced anxiety and negative mood status, and increased sympathetic nervous activity.
The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of 45 min of facial massage on the activity of autonomic nervous system, anxiety and mood in 32 healthy women. Autonomic nervous activity was assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) with spectral analysis. ⋯ The score of STAI and negative scale of POMS were significantly reduced following the massage, and only the LF/HF ratio was significantly enhanced after the massage. It was concluded that the facial massage might refresh the subjects by reducing their psychological distress and activating the sympathetic nervous system.
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Biomedical research · Aug 2008
The effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A, and chromogranin A in nursing students.
This study aimed to assess the effects of examination stress on salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and chromogranin A (CgA) in nursing students. Saliva samples were collected from 15 healthy females before and immediately after the one-hour examination, and two hours after the examination. ⋯ No significant differences were observed between before and after the examination in the salivary cortisol concentration. These findings suggest that the acute stress due to the examination is associated with raised salivary IgA and CgA, but not cortisol.