Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2015
Relation between diet cost and Healthy Eating Index 2010 scores among adults in the United States 2007-2010.
Food prices may be one reason for the growing socioeconomic disparities in diet quality. ⋯ Lower energy-adjusted diet costs were associated with lower-quality diets. Future efforts to improve the nutritional status of the US public should take food prices and diet costs into account.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2015
Screen time is associated with depression and anxiety in Canadian youth.
This study examined the relationships between screen time and symptoms of depression and anxiety in a large community sample of Canadian youth. ⋯ Screen time may represent a risk factor or marker of anxiety and depression in adolescents. Future research is needed to determine if reducing screen time aids the prevention and treatment of these psychiatric disorders in youth.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2015
ReviewAcceptability of financial incentives for encouraging uptake of healthy behaviours: A critical review using systematic methods.
Financial incentives are effective in encouraging healthy behaviours, yet concerns about acceptability remain. We conducted a systematic review exploring acceptability of financial incentives for encouraging healthy behaviours. ⋯ Financial incentives tend to be acceptable to the public when they are effective and cost-effective. Programmes that benefit recipients and wider society; are considered fair; and are delivered to individuals deemed appropriate are likely to be considered more acceptable.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEfficacy of a tobacco quitline among adult cancer survivors.
The purpose of the study (conducted 2010-2013) was to determine the efficacy of two common types of tobacco quitlines in adult cancer survivors who regularly smoked cigarettes. ⋯ Our results are consistent with other studies indicating that traditional smoking cessation interventions are ineffective among cancer survivors. Moreover, self-reports of cessation were unreliable in cancer survivors participating in a quitline intervention, indicating that future studies should include biochemical verification. Given the importance of smoking cessation among cancer survivors and low cessation rates in the current study, it may be necessary to design alternative interventions for this population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00827866.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2015
"Couch-potatoeism" and childhood obesity: The inverse causality hypothesis.
The bulk of cross-sectional studies suggests that lower levels of physical activity are associated with childhood obesity. Although this has led to the general understanding that "couch-potatoes" are fat on account of their inactive lifestyles, cross-sectional studies do not imply causality. On the contrary, the contribution of physical activity to obesity during childhood is currently unclear, and lately, studies have suggested that "couch-potatoeism" could be the result of obesity rather than its cause. Coupled with evidence suggesting that interventions have had little effect on children's physical activity levels as well as on obesity, this inverse causality challenges the role of physical activity in childhood obesity prevention strategies.