Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Daily steps, activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors associations with all-cause mortality: The ELSA-BRASIL study.
Although movement behaviors are linked to mortality risk, few studies investigated the associations between daily steps and movement behaviors and all-cause mortality in low- and middle-income countries. ⋯ In Brazilian adults, step count, total activity volume, MVPA, LPA, and sedentary behavior were non-linearly associated with lower mortality. Reallocating any time from other behaviors to MVPA predicted lower mortality.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Chronic conditions, COVID-19 vaccination, and institutional trust among Hispanic/Latinx communities in San Diego, California.
Hispanic/Latinx populations have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These populations are also more likely to have chronic conditions, putting them at higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Vaccination is important to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, but Hispanic/Latinx populations may be less likely to vaccinate due to institutional trust related to experiences of discrimination in healthcare and community disinvestment. Project 2VIDA! is a randomized clinical trial developed to respond to the need for increased trust and vaccine access among these populations in San Diego, California. Analyzing 2VIDA! data, this article seeks to better understand the relationship between chronic health conditions, institutional trust, and vaccination behaviors among a predominantly Hispanic/Latinx sample in San Diego. ⋯ Our findings suggest that widespread communication on the importance of vaccination for older Hispanic/Latinx populations with chronic conditions may have supported vaccination uptake. Targeted messaging and community-based approaches to build trust, combat misinformation, and increase vaccination uptake among younger individuals and Spanish-speakers are needed.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for stomach, lung, colorectal, and bladder cancers among Armenians in California.
To observe stage at diagnosis and cancer-specific survival for common cancers among Armenians in California. ⋯ While Armenian patients were at greater risk of late-stage diagnoses of colorectal, lung, and stomach cancers, they had better survival compared to non-Armenian, non-Hispanic White patients. Further research is needed to understand factors impacting survival in Armenian individuals, including genetic, behavioral, and social factors. Our findings of lower nSES and public health insurance associated with late-stage diagnoses suggest a need for increased access to care and cancer screening among the Armenian population in California.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
U.S. national trends in cervical cancer screening by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity in cisgender women.
Changes in up-to-date cervical cancer screening (CCS) over time by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity were estimated to identify trends in screening disparities. ⋯ In 2021 there were approximately 19.72 million women aged 21-65 who were not up-to-date with CCS. 1.76 million LGB women were not up-to-date for CCS, and a greater proportion of these women identified as non-Hispanic Black/African American. CCS must be improved for all cisgender women, and specific attention should be given to those who identify as LGB and/or Black/African American.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Binge drinking and subsequent health and well-being among middled-aged Spanish adults: An outcome-wide analysis.
Binge drinking has been associated with higher risks of adverse physical health outcomes. Motivations behind binge drinking may involve seeking pleasure and social connectedness, which are important aspects of life that constitute well-being. However, studies that apply a holistic framework of well-being to understand binge drinking remain limited, especially in non-English speaking populations. ⋯ Our study provides novel insights into the complex and multifaceted relationship of binge drinking with health and well-being. Further research will enhance our understandings of binge drinking and inform culturally appropriate interventions that effectively mitigate its negative consequences.