Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Daily steps, activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors associations with all-cause mortality: The ELSA-BRASIL study.
Although movement behaviors are linked to mortality risk, few studies investigated the associations between daily steps and movement behaviors and all-cause mortality in low- and middle-income countries. ⋯ In Brazilian adults, step count, total activity volume, MVPA, LPA, and sedentary behavior were non-linearly associated with lower mortality. Reallocating any time from other behaviors to MVPA predicted lower mortality.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Chronic conditions, COVID-19 vaccination, and institutional trust among Hispanic/Latinx communities in San Diego, California.
Hispanic/Latinx populations have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. These populations are also more likely to have chronic conditions, putting them at higher risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. Vaccination is important to reduce the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, but Hispanic/Latinx populations may be less likely to vaccinate due to institutional trust related to experiences of discrimination in healthcare and community disinvestment. Project 2VIDA! is a randomized clinical trial developed to respond to the need for increased trust and vaccine access among these populations in San Diego, California. Analyzing 2VIDA! data, this article seeks to better understand the relationship between chronic health conditions, institutional trust, and vaccination behaviors among a predominantly Hispanic/Latinx sample in San Diego. ⋯ Our findings suggest that widespread communication on the importance of vaccination for older Hispanic/Latinx populations with chronic conditions may have supported vaccination uptake. Targeted messaging and community-based approaches to build trust, combat misinformation, and increase vaccination uptake among younger individuals and Spanish-speakers are needed.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Review Meta AnalysisSchool-based environment and physical activity in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of school environmental factors in promoting adolescents' physical activity. ⋯ This meta-analysis demonstrates the role of school environment in promoting adolescents' physical activity. School social environmental factors, including school-offered daily physical education, school-organized extracurricular physical activities, encouragement to use sports resources, and outdoor obstacle courses, are particularly effective in enhancing adolescents' physical activity. Among school physical environmental factors, the number of physical activity facilities was found to be a key factor in promoting adolescents' physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Illicit drug use among adolescents and young adults with impairments in the US: A cross-sectional analysis of the National Survey on Drug Use And Health.
The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis is to compare the degree to which adolescents and adults with and without impairments in the US engage in illicit drug use. ⋯ Overall, individuals with impairments were more than twice as likely to engage in illicit drug use compared to counterparts. People with impairments were younger, on average, when they first tried any illicit drugs.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2025
Proximity to public transportation and incidence of depression risk among older adults: A three-year longitudinal analysis from the Japan Gerontological evaluation study.
Depression in older adults has been associated with environmental factors, such as green spaces and walkable neighborhoods; however, evidence on the relationship between proximity to public transportation and mental health is scarce. This multi-municipality longitudinal study examined the association between proximity to public transportation and risk of depression among older adults and considered car usage. ⋯ Subjective limited access to public transport was significantly associated with the risk of depression among older adults without car usage. Hence, improving and maintaining transportation infrastructure may mitigate the risk of depression.