Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2015
Do provincial policies banning smoking in cars when children are present impact youth exposure to secondhand smoke in cars?
To examine youth exposure to smoking in cars following 7 provincial bans on smoking in cars with children in Canada. ⋯ Although rates declined, significant differences were only found in Ontario relative to control provinces in the immediate and long term.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2015
Dipstick proteinuria as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in Bangladesh: A prospective cohort study.
Baseline, persistent, incident, and remittent dipstick proteinuria have never been tested as predictors of mortality in an undeveloped country. The goal of this study was to determine which of these four types of proteinuria (if any) predict mortality. ⋯ Baseline, persistent, and incident dipstick proteinuria were predictors of all-cause mortality with persistent proteinuria having the greatest risk. In developing countries, those with 1+ dipstick proteinuria, particularly if persistent, should be targeted for definitive diagnosis and treatment. The two most common causes of proteinuria to search for are diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2015
Has recommended preventive service use increased after elimination of cost-sharing as part of the Affordable Care Act in the United States?
An early provision of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) eliminated cost-sharing for a range of recommended preventive services. This provision took effect in September 2010, but little is known about its effect on preventive service use. ⋯ These early observations suggest positive benefits from the ACA policy of eliminating cost-sharing for some preventive services. Future research is warranted to monitor and evaluate longer term effects of the ACA on access to care and health outcomes.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2015
Smoke-free home and vehicle rules by tobacco use status among US adults.
To assess the prevalence and characteristics of smoke-free home and vehicle rules by tobacco use. ⋯ Most adults have smoke-free home and vehicle rules, but differences exist by tobacco use. Opportunities exist to educate adults about the dangers of secondhand smoke and the benefits of smoke-free environments, particularly among combustible tobacco users.
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Provide a recent update in the trends of suicidal ideation among adults in the United States from 2005 to 2012. ⋯ Suicidal ideation occurring nearly every day has increased for men, but recent decreases have been observed for women of non-Hispanic white and Mexican American race-ethnicity. Continued outreach efforts, particularly among men, are needed to help prevent the development of suicidal ideations into suicidal behavior and occurrence.