Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2016
Geographic disparities in Healthy Eating Index scores (HEI-2005 and 2010) by residential property values: Findings from Seattle Obesity Study (SOS).
Higher socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked with higher-quality diets. New GIS methods allow for geographic mapping of diet quality at a very granular level. ⋯ The use of residential property values, an objective measure of SES, allowed for the first visual exploration of diet quality at high spatial resolution: the census block level.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2016
Racial-ethnic disparities in the association between risk factors and diabetes: The Northern Manhattan Study.
To identify risk factors (RF) for diabetes within a multiethnic cohort and to examine whether race-ethnicity modified their effects. ⋯ Although Hispanics and non-Hispanic blacks had a greater risk of diabetes than whites, there were variations by race-ethnicity in the association of BMI, smoking, and CRP with risk of diabetes. Unique approaches should be considered to reduce diabetes as traditional RF may not be as influential in minority populations.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2016
Multiple tobacco product use among young adult bar patrons in New Mexico.
Use of non-cigarette tobacco products is common, and e-cigarette use is increasing among young adults. We aimed to identify use of other tobacco products among young adult bar patrons in the context of a bar-based intervention to decrease cigarette smoking. ⋯ Among young adult bar patrons in Albuquerque, New Mexico, most cigarette smokers reported currently using at least one other tobacco product. Public health interventions should address use of all tobacco products, use of which may rise despite decreased cigarette use.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2016
Adverse associations of car time with markers of cardio-metabolic risk.
To examine associations of time spent sitting in cars with markers of cardio-metabolic risk in Australian adults. ⋯ Prolonged time spent sitting in cars, in particular over 1h/day, was associated with higher total and central adiposity and a more-adverse cardio-metabolic risk profile. Further studies, ideally using objective measures of sitting time in cars and prospective designs, are needed to confirm the impact of car use on cardio-metabolic disease risk.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2016
Does the fat-but-fit paradigm hold true for all-cause mortality when considering the duration of overweight/obesity? Analyzing the WATCH (Weight, Activity and Time Contributes to Health) paradigm.
Physical activity has been shown to attenuate the association between overweight/obesity and mortality. Much less is known, however, on how the duration of overweight/obesity potentially alters this association, which was the purpose of this study. ⋯ In alignment with the Exercise is Medicine initiative®, our results provide support for clinicians to perform routine assessments of physical activity, and to further promote physical activity among all individuals regardless of body mass status.