Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease risk in corporate executives.
This study aimed to determine the longitudinal associations between self-reported sleep duration and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk in corporate executives. ⋯ Corporate executives who report shorter sleep durations may present with poorer CMD risk profiles, independent of age, lifestyle, occupational and psychological factors. Addressing sleep health in workplace health programmes may help mitigate the development of CMD in such employees.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Latent class analysis identifies a promising combination of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education interventions for improving student cardiorespiratory fitness.
To inform Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) and other school-based interventions aiming to improve youth cardiorespiratory fitness, this study aimed to identify which SNAP-Ed school-based physical activity intervention combinations were associated with better student cardiorespiratory fitness. ⋯ Our results suggest that comprehensive school-based physical activity interventions that include policy changes along with improving physical activity opportunities may be the most effective approach for improving fitness and may warrant prioritization in SNAP-Ed efforts.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Prolonged screening interval due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with tumor characteristics and treatment; a register-based study from BreastScreen Norway.
During the COVID-19 pandemic Norway had to suspend its national breast cancer screening program. We aimed to investigate the effect of the pandemic-induced suspension on the screening interval, and its subsequent association with the tumor characteristics and treatment of screen-detected (SDC) and interval breast cancer (IC). ⋯ Pandemic-induced prolonged screening intervals were not associated with the tumor characteristics and treatment of SDCs, but did increase the risk of a histopathological grade 3 IC. This study provides insights into the possible effects of extending the screening interval.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Prevalence and correlates of knife-related victimization: Insights from the 2019 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample.
Few studies have explored the incidence and general trends in knife-related victimizations in the United States (US), especially in settings where preventive interventions can potentially be initiated such as emergency departments (EDs). The goal of the present investigation was to provide an empirical portrait of the psychosocial and behavioral health characteristics of patients assaulted by sharp objects, particularly knives, as revealed in EDs in the US, as less research has focused on knife victimization in the US than internationally. This study uses data from the 2019 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), which is part of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project distributed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. ⋯ Key factors increasing the odds of knife-related victimization treated in EDs were homelessness, legal involvement, and substance use, particularly alcohol and stimulant use disorder. Somewhat surprisingly, mental health diagnosis was not associated with increased knife-related victimization. Although EDs are critical to treating knife-related victimization, they are also potentially key points to launch prevention for high-risk individuals to reduce subsequent violence stemming from escalation of interpersonal disputes.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Application of blood purification based on a new type of nanofiber membrane in critically ill patients and comparative analysis of its nursing methods.
Blood purification technology is one of the main treatment methods to prolong the life of severe patients. The traditional blood purification membrane materials have the disadvantages of non-selective adsorption, single pore size and low permeability, and need to develop new and efficient blood purification membrane materials. To explore the application of a new type of nanofiber membrane in blood purification of critically ill patients and compare and analyze its nursing methods. ⋯ The physiological and biochemical indexes of both groups tend to be normal, but the experimental group is more obvious. The patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with the nursing services provided in the process. The new blood purification method of nanofiber membrane can overcome the shortcomings of traditional purification and remove toxic small and medium-sized molecules to the maximum extent.