Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2023
Age-dependent interaction between life's essential 8 and chronic kidney disease: A national cross-sectional analysis.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), an age-related condition, is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to examine the age-dependent interaction between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), the updated measurement of cardiovascular health (CVH), and CKD in the United States. ⋯ CVH, as measured by the LE8 score, was negatively associated with the presence of CKD in non-linear fashions, more pronounced in participants aged 65 and older compared to younger age groups.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2023
Outdoor smoke-free policies at sports clubs across Europe: Current status, recent evidence, and future challenges.
This commentary emphasizes the importance of implementing outdoor smoke-free policies at sports clubs, particularly highlighting their limited adoption across Europe. The primary aim was to assess the progress made in the Netherlands, explore the strategies employed, and outline future challenges. ⋯ The Dutch experiences serve as a testimony to the feasibility of outdoor smoke-free policies at sports clubs. By addressing the remaining challenges, we can create healthier sports environments for children and take substantial steps towards realizing a smoke-free Europe.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2023
Global inequalities in mental health problems: understanding the predictors of lifetime prevalence, treatment utilisation and perceived helpfulness across 111 countries.
Socio-economic inequalities in mental health problems are found in measures covering prevalence, treatment utilisation, and treatment helpfulness. However, whether these inequalities exist globally and what factors explain between-country variation is unclear. We use a nationally representative individual-level survey dataset (Wellcome Global Monitor, 2020) in 111 countries (N = 117,088) to test if socio-economic factors (household income, education), psycho-social factors (stigma perception, trust in health professionals) and country-level factors (GDP, Gini, health expenditure) predict (1) self-reported lifetime prevalence of anxiety and depression symptomology, (2) treatment utilisation and (3) perceived treatment helpfulness talking to a mental health professional and taking prescribed medication. ⋯ This analysis reveals a global 'triple inequality in mental health', whereby disadvantages of lower SES individuals persist in three outcomes (lifetime prevalence, treatment utilisation and helpfulness). Treatment utilisation and helpfulness also vary by trust in healthcare professionals and treatment type. Policymakers must address all three inequalities and their fundamental causes.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2023
A statewide population-based approach to examining Long COVID symptom prevalence and predictors in Michigan.
The current broad definition of Long COVID, and an overreliance on clinical and convenience samples, is leading to a wide array of Long COVID estimates with limited generalizability. Our objective was to examine Long COVID symptoms using a statewide population-based probability sample. ⋯ While many predictors of Long COVID symptom clusters were similar, the relationship with age and pre-existing conditions varied across clusters. Cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, and dermatologic symptoms require further study as potentially distinct from other Long COVID symptoms.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2023
Changes in active commuting and changes in health: Within- and between-individual analyses among 16 881 Finnish public sector employees.
Active commuting, such as walking or cycling to work, can be beneficial for health. However, because within-individual studies on the association between change in active commuting and change in health are scarce, the previous results may have been biased due to unmeasured confounding. Additionally, prior studies have often lacked information about commuting distance. ⋯ An increase in active commuting may promote self-rated health. However, increase of tens of additional kilometers in commuting every day may be required to produce even a small effect on health.