Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
Recovery of measles-containing and HPV vaccine ordering post-COVID-19 pandemic: Trends by public vs. private funding source, urbanicity, and state - United States, January 2018 - December 2022.
To assess recovery in childhood and adolescent vaccine ordering since initial declines in 2020 due to COVID-19 pandemic-related disruptions. ⋯ Findings show that monthly measles-containing and HPV vaccine ordering has recovered; however, deficits remain. Greater deficits in publicly funded vaccine doses and HPV ordering in rural counties suggest varying level of recovery. To reduce gaps in deficits, health care providers are strongly encouraged to use every visit to recommend needed vaccines.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewPerceptions of antibiotic resistance among hospital healthcare professionals in high-income countries: A systematic review of causes, consequences, and solutions.
Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a major threat to public health. Hospital healthcare professionals are important stakeholders in curbing ABR. To be able to encourage healthcare professionals to act against ABR, information on their perceptions is needed. Yet, summary evidence on how healthcare professionals perceive ABR causes, consequences, and solutions is outdated. This review aims to elucidate these perceptions. ⋯ Studies with a primary focus on the perceptions of healthcare professionals about ABR are limited. Healthcare professionals perceive prescribing behavior as a major cause of ABR and a focus area for ABR solutions.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
ReviewSchool-based physical activity interventions: which intervention characteristics are associated with participation and retention? A meta-analysis.
Many school-based intervention studies are conducted to increase students' physical activity (PA). Recruitment and retention problems potentially impact the robustness of RCT findings. We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize recruitment and retention rates in long-term secondary school-based PA intervention studies and examined associated participant and intervention characteristics. ⋯ Recruitment and retention rates in school-based PA interventions are high. Some participant and intervention characteristics influence these rates: flexibility of the intervention, theory/model-based intervention, accelerometer use, intervention duration, continent, and number of females. Researchers should consider these characteristics in intervention development to achieve optimal balance between intervention effectiveness, recruitment, and retention.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
Age-varying associations between attempts to change weight and suicidal ideation among adolescents in the United States.
The goal of this study was to inform theory and suicide prevention efforts by examining how the link between attempts to change weight and suicidal ideation varies across adolescence, when it is strongest, and whether there are sex differences. ⋯ Girls and boys who are trying to lose weight and girls who are trying to gain weight may be at elevated risk for suicidal ideation between ages 14 and 18 years. Findings illuminate patterns of association during adolescence and have implications for suicide prevention.
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Preventive medicine · May 2024
High-risk smoking in the United States: Nicotine staining predicts increased colonic adenomas and advanced adenomas on colonoscopy.
Smoking is linked with numerous adverse health effects. Nicotine staining on fingers or teeth is thought to suggest active or heavy smoking. The significance of nicotine staining within gastroenterology remains unclear. ⋯ This marks the first investigation of nicotine staining within gastroenterology. We have demonstrated that the presence of nicotine staining independently predicts numerous adenomas and advanced adenomas.