La Revue de médecine interne
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Castleman disease is a rare lymphoproliferation, which may mimic systemic lupus. Conversely, systemic lupus sometimes presents like an hematological malignancy. In these cases, a "Castleman-like" histology has been exceptionally described. ⋯ Systemic lupus and Castleman disease may share common clinical, biological, and histological features. The presence of specific elements of systemic lupus flare and the remission obtained by low-dose corticosteroids results in considering the diagnosis of Castleman-like systemic lupus and avoiding treatment intensification.
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Alpha thalassemia-myelodysplastic syndrome (ATMDS) is one of the possible complications related to the genetic instability typical of clonal hemopoietic disorders such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Hemoglobin H acquisition, which is hemoglobin without alpha chains and with 4 beta chains is the hallmark of this disease. ⋯ The diagnosis of ATMDS should be considered in the presence of the association of MDS, microcytic anemia and marked blood smear abnormalities such as anisocytosis and poikilocytosis. A little less than 10% of all MDS are complicated by ATMDS.