Anticancer research
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Anticancer research · Nov 2014
Preoperative treatment with capecitabine, cetuximab and radiotherapy for primary locally advanced rectal cancer--a phase II clinical trial.
To investigate the feasibility and safety of preoperative capecitabine, cetuximab and radiation in patients with MRI-defined locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC, cT3/T4). ⋯ Neoadjuvant therapy with capecitabine and cetuximab in combination with radiotherapy did not lead to complete pathological remission. Treatment tolerability was excellent and toxicity remained low. KRAS status did not influence treatment outcomes. Capecitabine in combination with radiotherapy remains a standard therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.
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Anticancer research · Nov 2014
Comparative StudySurvival after palliative radiotherapy in geriatric cancer patients.
Older cancer patients might experience inferior survival outcomes. However, no standard age cut-off is currently being used for commonly administered treatments such as radiotherapy. We evaluated survival outcomes and prognostic factors for survival after palliative radiotherapy (PRT) in our oldest patients (age≥80 years). ⋯ Our data support utilization of PRT irrespective of age for most patients with PS 0-3 but care should be taken in selecting the right fractionation regimen in order to avoid lengthy PRT courses when survival is limited.
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Anticancer research · Sep 2014
Imatinib escalation or sunitinib treatment after first-line imatinib in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients.
Imatinib mesylate (IM) is effective in metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) patients; however, disease progression eventually occurs due to IM resistance or intolerance. Treatment options include IM escalation or a direct shift to sunitinib, but comparison of these strategies is required. ⋯ Comparable results were achieved by IM escalation and sunitinib treatment. Physicians should consider kinase mutations and specific adverse effects when choosing between these treatments.
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Anticancer research · Jul 2014
Synergistic antitumor effect of NVP-BEZ235 and sunitinib on docetaxel-resistant human castration-resistant prostate cancer cells.
According to recent studies, mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor and tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) can be used as combinational agents to enhance the antitumor effect or overcome resistance to one of the agents. In the present study, we investigated the synergistic interaction between NVP-BEZ235, a PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/mTOR dual inhibitor, and sunitinib, a TKI, in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells with docetaxel resistance. Prostate cancer cells with different sensitivities to hormones and docetaxel levels were exposed to escalating doses of NVP-BEZ235 alone and in combination with sunitinib. ⋯ Combination therapy caused an induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis in docetaxel-resistant CRPC cells. Adding sunitinib did not produce any additional effect on the NVP-BEZ235-mediated inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR phosphorylation. In conclusion, combining NVP-BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, with sunitinib can synergistically potentiate the antitumor effect in CRPC cells after docetaxel failure though induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis.
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Anticancer research · Jul 2014
The angiopoietin-TIE2 pathway is a potential therapeutic target in urothelial carcinoma.
Angiopoietin/Tyrosine Kinase-2 (ANG/TIE2), Fibroblast Growth Factor-1 (FGFR1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFRs) promote growth of urothelial carcinoma (UC). We examined the pre-clinical activity of CEP-11981, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of TIE2, FGFR1 and VEGFR-1-3, in UC. ⋯ CEP-11981 demonstrated a significant pre-clinical activity against human UC xenografts, which was attributable primarily to effects on TIE2 receptor.