Journal of pediatric orthopedics
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The incidence of cervical vascular injury (CVI) after blunt cervical trauma in children and adolescents is low. Potential harm from missed injury is high. Screening for CVI has increased with advances in noninvasive angiography, including computed tomographic angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). We attempt to characterize CVI in children and adolescents and evaluate the utility of advanced imaging in CVI screening in this patient population. ⋯ Level IV-retrospective diagnostic study.
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Intra-articular malunions of pediatric humeral lateral condyle fractures may lead to pain, loss of motion and function, deformity, and elbow arthritis. Little information is available, however, regarding the treatment of symptomatic articular malunions. The purpose of this investigation is to report early results of intra-articular osteotomy of lateral condyle malunions in children. ⋯ IV (retrospective case series).
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Skeletal dysplasias may be associated with cervical spinal instability or stenosis. Cervical spine flexion-extension plain radiographs in children with skeletal dysplasia are difficult to interpret. The purpose of this study was to review the indications, efficacy, and safety of performing flexion-extension magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) under sedation/anesthesia in these children. ⋯ Level IV-retrospective case series.
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Serial cast correction is a popular treatment option for progressive infantile scoliosis. Body casting can lead to chest and abdominal expansion restriction and result in decreased chest wall compliance. There are no studies evaluating the effects of casting on ventilation in infantile scoliosis. This study examines changes in peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) during serial casting for infantile scoliosis. ⋯ Case series, level 4.