Pharmacotherapy
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of two opioid-acetaminophen combinations and placebo in postoperative oral surgery pain.
To determine the relative analgesic potency and adverse effect liability of hydrocodone bitartrate 7.5 mg with acetaminophen 500 mg, codeine phosphate 30 mg with acetaminophen 300 mg, and placebo in the treatment of pain following oral surgery. ⋯ A slight advantage in analgesic efficacy was demonstrated in this single-dose study for the hydrocodone-acetaminophen combination. Repeat-dose studies, however, should be conducted to determine the clinical significance of the difference in analgesic effect of these opioid combinations.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of PT, aPTT, and factor VII values obtained by concurrent sample collection by direct venipuncture and peripheral venous catheters.
To compare prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and factor VII values in concurrent blood samples obtained by direct venipuncture and from a peripheral venous catheter. ⋯ The PT and aPTT values determined after venipuncture and through the peripheral catheter were not statistically different (p > 0.05) when compared by paired or unpaired analysis. Similarly, values of FVII:C measured after venipuncture were statistically equivalent to those after sampling through the peripheral catheter. All six patients preferred the catheter method of blood collection over venipuncture.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of ketorolac, ibuprofen-paracetamol, and dextropropoxyphene-paracetamol in postoperative pain.
To compare the analgesic efficacy of ketorolac, ibuprofen-paracetamol (acetaminophen), and dextropropoxyphene-paracetamol in postoperative pain. ⋯ Ketorolac 10 mg is a superior analgesic to ibuprofen-paracetamol or dextropropoxyphene-paracetamol in the treatment of postoperative pain.
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Comparative Study
Albuterol delivery by metered-dose inhaler with a pediatric mechanical ventilatory circuit model.
To determine albuterol delivery by metered-dose inhaler (MDI) in an in vitro pediatric mechanical ventilatory circuit model. The influence of a spacing device, endotracheal tube (ETT) diameter and length, and air humidity was also investigated. ⋯ In humidified air, the dose of albuterol by MDI with an AeroVent spacer should be doubled for children intubated with 6.0-mm ETT, and four puffs administered for every one puff desired for 4.0-mm ETT. The results of this investigation should prove useful in initial clinical trials of albuterol MDI in ventilator-dependent infants and children.