Pharmacotherapy
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of ketorolac versus morphine by patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain.
To compare ketorolac tromethamine with morphine for pain management after major abdominal surgery. ⋯ Ketorolac may be effective when administered by PCA device, and has a clear morphine-sparing effect.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pharmacoeconomic analysis of sevoflurane versus isoflurane anesthesia in elective ambulatory surgery.
This study investigated the economic aspects of sevoflurane and isoflurane anesthesia in 47 healthy women undergoing elective ambulatory surgery, as part of a randomized, prospective clinical trial. Patient records were analyzed for anesthetic; duration of surgery, anesthesia, and recovery room stay; and associated charges. ⋯ A minor decrease in recovery room charges ($15) associated with earlier discharge was observed with sevoflurane (p>0.05), but the agent was not associated with lower hospital charges. Larger trials and assessment of other patient populations may show sevoflurane to be more pharmacoeconomically advantageous than isoflurane.
-
Review Comparative Study
Comparative clinical pharmacology of cisplatin and carboplatin.
The platinum compounds cisplatin and carboplatin are active against a wide range of adult and pediatric malignancies. Whereas both exert their cytotoxic effect by incorporating into DNA, they have substantially different systemic and cellular pharmacology. ⋯ Substantial interpatient pharmacokinetic variability and narrow therapeutic indexes of the two agents led to the development of several dosing strategies. Although these strategies reduce pharmacokinetic variability, their effect on improving patient outcome remains to be determined.
-
Benzocaine-induced methemoglobinemia is a rare but life-threatening event. The use of topical benzocaine spray in a 77-year-old woman during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram produced marked cyanosis and methemoglobin levels consistent with methemoglobinemia. Immediate recognition and prompt treatment of the disorder are essential to decrease morbidity and mortality.