Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery : official journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and the nature of the relationships between 3 temporomandibular joint disease (TMD) symptoms and symptoms of associated structures. ⋯ The prevalence of TMD signs and symptoms as determined by this examination was in accord with the findings in women or mixed samples of other workers. Prior experience of a dislocated disc was found to be the most risky factor in TMD. Stress was related to limitations of mouth opening, and the experience of trauma in the TMJ was found to be related to pain in the joint region. Bruxism may not be a direct risk factor in TMD, and the clenching habit found to be more harmful than bruxism.