Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2016
Review Meta AnalysisProbiotics for the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children.
This article provides recommendations, developed by the Working Group (WG) on Probiotics of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, for the use of probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children based on a systematic review of previously completed systematic reviews and of randomized controlled trials published subsequently to these reviews. The use of probiotics for the treatment of AAD is not covered. The recommendations were formulated only if at least 2 randomized controlled trials that used a given probiotic (with strain specification) were available. ⋯ If the use of probiotics for preventing AAD is considered because of the existence of risk factors such as class of antibiotic(s), duration of antibiotic treatment, age, need for hospitalization, comorbidities, or previous episodes of AAD diarrhea, the WG recommends using Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (moderate QoE, strong recommendation) or Saccharomyces boulardii (moderate QoE, strong recommendation). If the use of probiotics for preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea is considered, the WG suggests using S boulardii (low QoE, conditional recommendation). Other strains or combinations of strains have been tested, but sufficient evidence is still lacking.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2016
Prevalence of Anterior Cutaneous Nerve Entrapment Syndrome (ACNES) in a Pediatric Population with Chronic Abdominal Pain.
Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome (ACNES) is a frequently overlooked condition causing chronic abdominal pain (CAP). The objective of the present study was to investigate the rate of ACNES in a pediatric outpatient cohort with CAP. ⋯ ACNES is present in 1 of 8 adolescents presenting with CAP to a pediatric outpatient department of a teaching hospital. Simple physical examinational testing allows for the diagnosis. Treatments including nerve blocks or surgery are beneficial in most.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2016
Dynamics of Vitamin D Metabolism in Maternal-Fetal Dyads.
Metabolites of vitamin D in maternal-neonatal dyads remain relatively unexplored. The goal of this study was to evaluate concentrations of 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3, and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 in maternal-infant pairs at delivery. ⋯ This data suggests that although maternal and cord concentrations of vitamin D metabolites are highly correlated, regulation of specific vitamin D metabolites in the mother and the neonate may be mediated independently.