Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2008
Comparative StudyUsing the new World Health Organisation growth standards: differences from 3 countries.
To compare differences in child nutritional status and the prevalence of wasting, stunting, and underweight between the new World Health Organization (WHO) standards based on healthy optimally fed children from different cultures and the international National Centre for Health Statistics (NCHS)/WHO references using empirical data from the first round of a longitudinal panel study. ⋯ Using the new WHO standards resulted in differences in mean z scores for weight-for-length and weight-for-age and changes in the prevalence of wasting, stunting, and underweight. The direction and magnitude of difference are not consistent.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Dec 2007
ReviewUse of Lactobacillus casei subspecies Rhamnosus GG and gastrointestinal colonization by Candida species in preterm neonates.
Candida species increasingly cause morbidity and mortality in the premature infant in neonatal intensive care units, and the gut reservoir is the site from which dissemination most frequently starts in such patients. Specific antifungal prophylaxis is the most suitable strategy with which to limit the severity and the frequent neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors that is associated with neonatal invasive fungal infections. Recent interest has focused on the use of probiotics for the treatment of several diseases in neonatal patients. ⋯ Basic research has shown that in mice models, the Lactobacillus casei subsp Rhamnosus GG (LGG) is effective in preventing Candida gut colonization and systemic dissemination. A pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in human preterm neonates has demonstrated that LGG administered in the first month of life significantly reduces enteric Candida colonization. The present article summarizes the state of the art about probiotics and Candida-related diseases in the preterm neonate and emphasizes the need for further investigations to determine unequivocally the possible role of LGG in the prevention and management of the fungal diseases in preterm neonates.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Nov 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudySafety and symptom improvement with esomeprazole in adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
The primary objective was to assess the safety of esomeprazole 20 or 40 mg once daily in adolescents with clinically diagnosed gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). A secondary aim was to assess changes in GERD symptoms after esomeprazole therapy. ⋯ In adolescent patients with GERD, esomeprazole 20 or 40 mg daily for 8 weeks was well tolerated, and GERD-related symptoms were significantly reduced from baseline values in both groups.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Oct 2007
Methods of sedation in pediatric endoscopy: a survey of NASPGHAN members.
The performance of endoscopy in children generally requires the concomitant administration of sedation to ensure the patient's safety, comfort, and cooperation throughout the procedures. New pharmacological agents, increased procedural volume, variable access to anesthesia support, and improvement in endoscopic technique have contributed to vast differences in sedation regimens for gastrointestinal procedures in patients of all ages. To better understand variation in practice patterns among pediatric gastroenterologists, the NASPGHAN Endoscopy and Procedures Committee surveyed 103 NASPGHAN members during a recent NASPGHAN national meeting. The results of this survey confirm that sedation practices vary widely and reflect continued uncertainty regarding optimal sedation regimens for pediatric endoscopy.