Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2000
Lactobacilli and acidosis in children with short small bowel.
In patients with a short small bowel, D-lactic acidemia and D-lactic aciduria are caused by intestinal lactobacilli. The purpose of this study was to obtain a detailed picture of the metabolic acidosis in young children with short small bowel. ⋯ In children with small short bowel and acidosis, the common intestinal flora of mainly lactobacilli abundantly produces D-lactic acid from easily fermentable carbohydrates. Thus, these bacteria directly cause shifts of bicarbonate, pH, and base excess and indirectly cause shifts of the anion gap, as well as hyperventilation. These kinetic parameters are strongly associated.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Feb 2000
Comparative StudyTranspyloric enteral nutrition reduces the complication rate and cost in the critically ill child.
Studies in adults have shown that transpyloric enteral nutrition (TEN) is useful in certain patients who cannot tolerate oral or gastric feeding. This study was conducted to compare TEN with parenteral nutrition (PN) in critically ill pediatric patients. ⋯ Transpyloric enteral nutrition is a suitable method of nutritional support for critically ill pediatric patients. It has fewer complications and a lower cost than PN.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Jan 2000
ReviewDietary aspects of food allergy prevention in infants and children.
Food allergy occurs in approximately 4% to 6% of children, has increased in prevalence during the past decade, and thus represents a major burden to our young. The natural history of food allergy documents that allergies to cow's milk, egg, and soy frequently remit whereas allergies to peanut, nuts, and fish typically persist to adulthood, although exceptions exist. Food allergen avoidance subsequent to sensitization and manifestation of symptoms appears to hasten tolerance; however, the immunologic mechanism responsible for tolerance to one food group and not another is poorly understood. ⋯ Identifying and developing effective strategies to prevent food and other allergic diseases represents a high priority for medicine at this time because of the unbridled increase in the prevalence and morbidity attributed to them. Immunologic engineering holds the greatest promise for allergy prevention in the not too distant future, but environmental strategies that promote food avoidance provide an avenue for prevention at present. Such efforts rely actively on reducing the food allergenic load and exposure of atopy-prone infants and children.