Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Aug 1999
Effect of continuous glucose therapy begun in infancy on the long-term clinical course of patients with type I glycogen storage disease.
To evaluate the effects of continuous glucose therapy on metabolic control, occurrence of severe hypoglycemia, physical growth and development, and complications of glycogen storage disease type I (GSD-I). ⋯ Long-term continuous glucose therapy with cornstarch, begun in infancy, resulted in mean height 0.7 SDS less than target height. Optimal biochemical control of GSD-I requires meticulous adherence to an individualized dietary regimen that is based on the results of periodic metabolic evaluation and home blood glucose monitoring. Renal glomerular dysfunction and formation of hepatic adenomata remain serious long-term complications.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Jul 1999
Comparative StudyGastric emptying in formula-fed and breast-fed infants measured with the 13C-octanoic acid breath test.
The 13C-octanoic acid breath test, a noninvasive method for measuring gastric emptying, was used to compare the gastric-emptying rate of formula-fed and breast-fed infants. Octanoic acid, a medium-chain fatty acid marked with the stable isotope 13C is immediately absorbed in the duodenum. Because gastric emptying is the rate-limiting step for the absorption of medium-chain fatty acids, the fraction of 13C expired in the breath indicates the rate of gastric emptying. ⋯ The results of the 13C-octanoic acid breath test indicated faster gastric emptying of human milk than formula. Our findings are in accordance with those in earlier studies, using the invasive-dilution technique; noninvasive and detailed ultrasonography, which is not easily used because it is operator dependent and the observation time is short; or cineesophago-gastroscintigraphy, which is less suitable for infants (because of the radiation involved). The 13C-octanoic acid breath test is a safe and noninvasive method for measuring gastric emptying in small infants and allows comparison of various feeding methods.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 1999
Clinical TrialNitrous oxide sedation in pediatric patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy.
The ideal medication to administer to children before gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures has yet to be found. The efficacy of using inhaled nitrous oxide during endoscopy in children was assessed in a pilot study. ⋯ Entonox provides rapid and effective analgesia without heavy sedation, leads to adequate relaxation and cooperation, and facilitates quick and efficient endoscopy. The effect of Entonox was of short duration, allowing the children to leave the endoscopy unit without need for a long recovery period. The adverse effects of Entonox appeared to be minor, and their duration was always brief. Nitrous oxide-oxygen inhalation may provide a valuable alternative to conventional sedation regimens during gastrointestinal endoscopy in children, but randomized and prospective studies comparing nitrous oxide sedation and conventional sedation regimens are necessary.