Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Aug 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffectiveness of nasogastric rehydration in hospitalized children with acute diarrhea.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends oral rehydration and early refeeding for management of infants with diarrhea and mild to moderate dehydration. However, intravenous rehydration is still widely used for treatment of infants hospitalized for dehydration. The administration of oral rehydration solution via continuous infusion through a nasogastric tube facilitates its delivery in hospitalized children. ⋯ The duration and cost of hospitalization were less for patients receiving nasogastric rehydration compared to those who were rehydrated intravenously. Rehydration by infusion of oral rehydration solution via a nasogastric tube is a safe and effective treatment for infants with mild to moderate dehydration. Rehydration with infusion of oral rehydration solution through a nasogastric tube should be considered for in-patient management of infants with diarrhea.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Jul 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAre bilirubin and plasma lipid profiles of premature infants dependent on the lipid emulsion infused?
The effect of a lipid emulsion containing long-chain triglycerides (LCT) and supplemented with L-carnitine on plasma lipids and bilirubin in premature neonates on total parenteral nutrition was compared to that of lipid emulsions containing either LCT or a mixture of LCT and medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). In a double-blind randomized study 49 premature neonates received one of the three fat emulsions, given intravenously, over 16-20 h daily for 6 days. Plasma carnitine levels increased significantly in the supplemented group only; the addition of carnitine did not seem to affect any of the parameters studied. ⋯ At the end of the 6-day study all groups showed a similar decline in free and total bilirubin levels despite the significant increase in plasma lipids and free fatty acids resulting from the stepwise increase in lipid load. No correlation was found between free fatty acids and free bilirubin. Since hyperbilirubinemia and hypertriglyceridemia appear to be clinically independent factors, the infusion of lipids should not be withheld from jaundiced infants on total parenteral nutrition.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPooled pasteurized breast milk and untreated own mother's milk in the feeding of very low birth weight babies: a randomized controlled trial.
It has been shown that milk derived from mothers with term infants is not optimal for premature babies. There is also concern about the effect of heat sterilizing breast milk. At Baragwanath Hospital, the majority of mothers remain with and care for their premature babies. ⋯ This occurred in spite of the fact that there was little difference, especially in terms of energy content, between the two types of breast milk. This was due to the fact that the pooled pasteurized milk was also largely obtained from mothers of premature babies. It is suggested from our data that slower weight gain in the group receiving the pooled pasteurized milk could be due to the pasteurization, which probably destroys heat-labile milk lipase.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Jan 1982
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLubricant versus laxative in the treatment of chronic functional constipation of children: a comparative study.
The efficacy of two medications commonly used in treatment of chronic functional constipation of children (CFC) was compared. Thirty-seven children (aged 3-12 years) with typical CFC were assigned at random to treatment with mineral oil or standardized senna concentrate (Senokot). The results of follow-up evaluations at 1, 3, and greater than 6 months indicate that symptom control (fecal soiling and decreased stool frequency) was significantly better in mineral-oil-treated patients. ⋯ However, recurrences appeared later and less frequently in mineral-oil-treated patients. After 6 months, 55% of those treated with mineral oil had successfully discontinued regular medication. After 6 months, only 22% of Senokot-treated patients had successfully discontinued medication, while an additional 33% had stopped taking medication because of poor symptom control.