Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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In a semi-closed circle system, the inspiratory and expiratory limbs are completely separated and part of the patient's expired air recirculates. CO2 rebreathing is prevented by CO2- absorption with soda lime, which is always incorporated in such a circle. The inspiratory and expiratory valves ensure that gas flow is unidirectional and also prevent rebreathing, even at tidal volumes of 10 ml and ventilation frequencies of 60 c . min-1. ⋯ The values of expiratory resistance are within the recommended limits of the ISO; prewarming and humidification of the inspiratory gas mixture are sufficient without additional equipment. Standard monitoring of the circuit such as measurement of inspiratory O2 concentration and ventilation pressure, including a disconnection alarm, can be used for all age groups; spirometry or end-tidal CO2 measurements ensure normoventilation. The fresh gas flow required in a semi-closed circle system is about 2-4 1 . min-1, so that costs and environmental contamination with anaesthetic gases are relatively low in comparison with a semi-open system.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1985
Case Reports[Anesthesia for emergency cesarean section after uterine rupture associated with recent fracture of the cervical spine].
General anaesthesia with intubation is preferable for emergency Caesarean section, whilst epidural anaesthesia should be reserved for elective Caesarean section. The case of a patient who required emergency Caesarean section following uterine rupture is discussed. ⋯ This avoided tracheal intubation and the possibility of worsening the cervical fracture. The end result was satisfactory, both for the mother and the child.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1985
Review[Reassessment of the respective risks of anaphylaxis and histamine liberation with anesthetic substances].
A search of the French and English language literature of the last 20 years (1964-1984) yielded 975 cases of immediate anaphylactoid reactions due to anaesthetic drugs given parenterally. The accident mechanism was confirmed in only half the patients, and nearly always at a later date. The immunoallergological tests most often used in the diagnostic process were skin tests and Prausnitz-Küstner tests. ⋯ The signs most often described were cutaneous, cardiovascular, respiratory and occasionally gastro-intestinal. Whilst hypnotic drugs were responsible for cutaneous signs, muscle relaxants gave cardiovascular signs. A past history of drug allergy was found in 37% of cases, and atopy in 38%; virtually all patients had already had one or more anaesthetics.