Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & pharmacothérapie
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Aug 2017
Overexpression of long noncoding RNA H19 indicates a poor prognosis for cholangiocarcinoma and promotes cell migration and invasion by affecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly disease that poorly responds to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and whose incidence has increased worldwide. Furthermore, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in multiple biological processes, including tumorigenesis. Specifically, H19, the first discovered lncRNA, has been reported to be overexpressed in diverse human carcinomas, but the overall biological role and clinical significance of H19 in CCA remains unknown. ⋯ Moreover, knockdown of H19 followed by RNA silencing restrained cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. In addition, H19 suppression impaired migration and invasion potential by reversing EMT. Overall, our findings may help to develop diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutics that target H19 for the treatment of CCA.
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Aug 2017
MicroRNA-494 improves functional recovery and inhibits apoptosis by modulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway in rats after spinal cord injury.
Multiple cellular, molecular, and biochemical changes contribute to the etiology and treatment outcome of contusion spinal cord injury (SCI). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) aberrant expression have been found after SCI in recent studies. However, little is known about the functional significance of the unique role of miRNAs in SCI. ⋯ Moreover, our data showed that miR-494 suppresses phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a negative regulator of AKT/mTOR pathway, through directly targeting its 3'-UTR in BV-2 cells. Most importantly, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-494 activates AKT/mTOR signaling pathway via inhibiting PTEN expression in rat SCI model. These findings suggested that miR-494 harbored the protective effect after SCI by modulating PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway in rats and it is a potential candidate for SCI therapeutics.
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Aug 2017
Agmatine for combined treatment of epilepsy, depression and cognitive impairment in chronic epileptic animals.
Epilepsy is fourth most common neurological disorders associated with depression and cognitive deficits. As per present scenario, none of the antiseizure drugs have been reported successful to have ameliorative effect on epilepsy associated depression and cognitive deficits. Thus, the study was envisioned to assess an ameliorative potential of agmatine on epilepsy and its efficacy and safety for management of associated depression and cognitive deficits. ⋯ However, agmatine treatment dose dependently ameliorated seizure severity as well as associated depression and cognitive deficits. On 15th day, animals were euthanized and pertinent neurochemical estimations were carried out in cortical and hippocampal areas of the mice brain. Thus, study concluded that agmatine ameliorated seizure severity, depression and cognitive impairment in epileptic animals, possibly via restoring glutamate-GABA neurotransmission and serotonin synthesis with decreased nitrosative stress.
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Aug 2017
Curcumin accelerates the repair of sciatic nerve injury in rats through reducing Schwann cells apoptosis and promoting myelinization.
Schwann cells (SCs) play an indispensable role in the repair and regeneration of injured peripheral nerve. Curcumin can reduce SCs apoptosis, and promote the regeneration and functional recovery of injured peripheral nerves. However, the corresponding mechanisms are not clear. ⋯ Curcumin could accelerate injured sciatic nerve repair in rats through reducing SCs apoptosis and promoting myelinization.
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Aug 2017
Inhibition of PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway protects against d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver failure by chaperone-mediated autophagy in rats.
This study aims to investigate the effects of PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway on the proliferation and apoptosis in acute liver failure (ALF) by chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA). ⋯ In conclusion, inhibition of the PI3K/AKt/mTOR signaling pathway plays a protective role in ALF by promoting CMA expression, which could arrest cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis.