Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & pharmacothérapie
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Sep 2019
ReviewInvolvement of noncoding RNAs in epigenetic modifications of esophageal cancer.
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a serious digestive malignancy and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Apart from genetic mutations, many epigenetic alterations including DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with chromatin remodeling have been identified in the regulation of gene expression in EC. Recently, noncoding RNAs, and mainly lncRNAs and miRNAs, have been revealed to be involved in the epigenetic regulation of EC. In this review, we focus on describing new insights on epigenetic processes associated with noncoding RNAs, which have been characterized to be responsible for the development and progression of EC.
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Biomed. Pharmacother. · Sep 2019
Korean red ginseng water extract alleviates atopic dermatitis-like inflammatory responses by negative regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in vivo.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Korean red ginseng is a Korean traditional medicine. In this study, we estimated the effects of Korean red ginseng water extract (RGE) in the 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced BALB/c mouse model which develops AD-like lesions. ⋯ These inhibitory RGE effects are mediated by inhibiting the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK. Furthermore, we confirmed that RGE suppresses interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and TNF-α-induced expression of macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) and TARC genes in human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that RGE may exert anti-atopic related to responses by suppression the expression of inflammatory mediators, cytokines, and chemokines via downregulation of MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that RGE may be an effective therapeutic approach for prevention of AD-like disease.