Magnetic resonance imaging
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This work demonstrates the in vivo application of a T2 relaxation based total water content (TWC) measurement technique at 3T in healthy human brain, and evaluates accuracy using simulations that model brain tissue. The benefit of using T2 relaxation is that it provides simultaneous measurements of myelin water fraction, which correlates to myelin content. ⋯ In vivo TWC measurement using T2 relaxation at 3T works well and provides a valuable tool for studying neurological diseases with both myelin and water changes.
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Regional homogeneity (ReHo), a measurement from resting-state functional magnetic imaging (rs-fMRI) to reflect local synchronization of brain activities, has been widely explored in previous studies of neurological diseases. SIV infected model for detecting the neurological changes with progression was studied. ⋯ The study first indicates that hippocampus, putamen, frontal and occipital lobe were impaired by using rs-fMRI and correlated with immunological parameters. Thus, ReHo value can be utilized as a noninvasive biomarker of spontaneous brain activity changes caused by the progression of neurological impairments.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a widespread cause of neurologic disability, with >70% of cases being mild in severity. Magnetic resonance imaging provides objective biomarkers in the diagnosis of brain injury by detecting brain lesions resulting from trauma. This paper reports on the detection rates of presumed trauma-related pathology using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in TBI patients with chronic, persistent symptoms.
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A number of 'Dixon' techniques based on fast spin echo (FSE) sequence have been proposed and successfully used in many branches of medicine. Some require only one scan, but most of them need multiple scans and long scan times. ⋯ The water and fat images are then calculated by iterative least-squares estimation method. The sequence was successfully implemented at a 9.4T ultra-high field MRI system and tested on a phantom and a rat.
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To develop a 3D black-blood T2 mapping sequence with a combination of compressed sensing (CS) and parallel imaging (PI) for carotid wall imaging. ⋯ This study demonstrates the feasibility of combining CS and PI for accelerating 3D T2 mapping in the carotid artery, with accurate T2 measurements and good repeatability.