Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP
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Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. · Apr 2004
Health effect levels for risk assessment of childhood exposure to arsenic.
Health risks to children from chemicals in soil and consumer products have become a regulatory focus in the U. S. This study reviews short-term health effect levels for arsenic exposure in young children (i.e., 0-6 years old). ⋯ The available data collectively indicate a lowest-observed-adverse-effect level around 0.05mg/kg-day for both acute and subchronic exposure. At low doses, children do not appear to be more sensitive than adults on a dose-per-body-weight basis, although data for acute exposures are limited and uncertainties exist for quantifying potential neurological or vascular effects at low-level subchronic exposures. Based on these data, possible reference levels for acute and subchronic exposure in young children are 0.015 and 0.005mg/kg-day, respectively.
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Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. · Apr 2004
Comparative StudyThe safety of ethyl oleate is supported by a 91-day feeding study in rats.
The purpose of this study was to determine the safety of ethyl oleate (EO) in a 91-day feeding study in Sprague-Dawley rats. EO was mixed into AIN-93G purified diet at levels of 0, 3.3, 6.7, and 10% by weight (the high-dose males and females consumed 5.5 and 6.1g/kg/day EO, respectively). All diets were calorie- and fat-matched using high oleic safflower oil (HOSO) as the control fat. ⋯ There was a dose-related increase in fecal fat concentration in both sexes from approximately 9% (control) to 18% in males, and from 4 (control) to 13% in females There were no visually obvious differences with regard to feces quality or quantity at any level of EO in the diet (i.e., color, diarrhea, weight, etc.). The increase in fat most likely represents small amounts of unabsorbed EO at the mid- and high-dose (estimates of EO absorption in this study are >80%). The No Observable Adverse Effect Level was determined to be 10% EO when administered daily in the diet for 91-days (approximately 6g EO/kg bw/day).